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Inverse association between fruit juice consumption and type 2 diabetes among individuals with high genetic risk on type 2 diabetes: the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2025

Tomoki Kawahara Open the ORCID record for Tomoki Kawahara [Opens in a new window] ,
Nobutoshi Nawa ,
Isao Oze ,
Hiroaki Ikezaki ,
Megumi Hara ,
Yoko Kubo ,
Mako Nagayoshi ,
Hidemi Ito ,
Nobuaki Michihata  and
Rie Ibusuki
...Show all authors
Tomoki Kawahara
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, Institute of Science Tokyo, Bunkyō, Japan
Nobutoshi Nawa
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, Institute of Science Tokyo, Bunkyō, Japan
Isao Oze
Affiliation:
Division of Cancer Information and Control, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
Hiroaki Ikezaki
Affiliation:
Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
Megumi Hara
Affiliation:
Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
Yoko Kubo
Affiliation:
Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
Mako Nagayoshi
Affiliation:
Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
Hidemi Ito
Affiliation:
Division of Cancer Information and Control, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan Department of Descriptive Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
Nobuaki Michihata
Affiliation:
Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
Rie Ibusuki
Affiliation:
Department of International Island and Community Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima City, Japan
Sadao Suzuki
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
Etusko Ozaki
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
Kiyonori Kuriki
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Public Health, Division of Nutritional Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Japan
Naoyuki Takashima
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
Sakurako Katsuura-Kamano
Affiliation:
Department of Preventive Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan Cancer Prevention and Control Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan
Masahiro Nakatochi
Affiliation:
Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
Yukihide Momozawa
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
Takashi Tamura
Affiliation:
Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
Takeo Fujiwara*
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, Institute of Science Tokyo, Bunkyō, Japan
Keitaro Matsuo
Affiliation:
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
*
Corresponding author: Takeo Fujiwara; Email: fujiwara.hlth@tmd.ac.jp
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Abstract

Previous studies on the association between fruit juice consumption and type 2 diabetes remain controversial, which might be due to heterogeneity in the polygenic risk score (PRS) for type 2 diabetes. We examined the association between fruit juice and type 2 diabetes by PRS for type 2 diabetes. We investigated whether fruit juice influences type 2 diabetes risk differently among individuals with varying genetic risks. Data from the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) study, a cross-sectional study of 13 769 Japanese individuals was used for our analysis. The primary exposure was the frequency of fruit juice, categorised as do not drink, less than 1 cup per day or more than 1 cup per day. We selected PGS002379, a PRS for type 2 diabetes developed using East Asian populations. The primary outcome was physician-diagnosed type 2 diabetes, reported by participants. The consumption of fruit juice was significantly inversely associated with type 2 diabetes in the group with a high PRS for type 2 diabetes (OR: 0·78, 95 % CI: 0·65, 0·93 for < 1 cup/d and OR: 0·54, 95 % CI: 0·30, 0·96 for > 1/d), but this association was not observed in the low PRS group. Fruit juice consumption was inversely associated with type 2 diabetes, especially in genetically high-risk populations for type 2 diabetes.

Keywords

Diabetes mellitusEpidemiologyGene–environmental interactionPolygenic risk scoreRisk factors

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Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , First View , pp. 1 - 8
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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