We describe a model which estimates grasshopper body temperature (Tb) by linking energy-flow equations with empirical descriptions of aboveground gradients of air temperature (Ta) and wind speed. The model was tested using restrained grasshopper nymphs; estimated and observed Tb agreed well (r2 > 0.81). At a rangeland site near Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada (49 °42′N, 112 °48′W), we observed 315 free-living grasshoppers. We recorded the shadow each cast on a horizontal surface, then reconstructed their orientation to the sun by geometric analysis. We used the model to estimate their Tb and the range and frequency of possible Tb within their environment. Modelled Tb exceeded Ta, and was generally lower than the modelled maximum possible Tb, but was well correlated with Tb of insects on top of the dense layer of vegetation which pervaded the site. This observation suggests that behaviours which elevate Tb are constrained by environmental barriers. Tb exceeded the value expected if insects were located and oriented randomly within their environment (mean difference = 3.95 °C, SE = 0.115); this is unequivocal evidence for behavioural thermoregulation. Heuristic simulations using temperature-dependent developmental- and feeding-rate equations for Melanoplus sanguinipes (Fabricius) suggest that thermoregulatory behaviour increased these rates by 30–40% compared with those for insects located and oriented randomly within their environment. During this study, population processes were never inhibited by excess heat; therefore any climatic warming at the experimental site will probably accelerate the phenology of these grasshopper species. Effects at other sites may differ; the model can be applied to test this possibility.

On page 81, of the Manual, it will be noticed that the key to the genera of Tochyporini is somewhat ccnfused. The alternate to the fitst series of characters refers us to number seven of the key. As there is no number seven, I have thought it advisable to publish the key in corrected form. It seems obvious that Bradley in re-arranging the key desired to follow Leconte and Horn's sequence of genera, viz. Tachinus, Tachyporus, Leucoparyphus (Cilea), Physetoporus, Erchomus, and Conosoma.

A week's vacation in the delightful Lac St. Jean country netted an interesting list of spiders. No attempt was made ta make a general collection. We were primarily interested in the Linyphiidae and collected mostly by sifting moss and forest litter.

At Bagotville we sifted moss on the wooded cliffs overlooking Ha-Ha Bay and in a little marecage nearby. These specimens are dated July 26, 1934.

On July 30, 1947, what appeared to be the nuptial flight of the above species occurred in the home of a resident of Windsor, Ontario. Hundreds of males and females appeared suddenly from the base of the toilet in the bathroom on the ground floor of the cottage and flew to the open screened window. Dr. William S. Creighton, who identified the species, has remarked that the choice of such a nesting site was certainly unusual for an ant which normally nests outdoors.

This portion of the synopsis was kindly prepared by Mr. J. C. Crawford, and is based on material, in the main, from Dr. Cordley, of Corvallis, Oregon; Prof. Harvey, of Victoria, British Columbia, and Mr. Venables, of Vernon. B.C. A species from Montana is also described.

It has come to my attention that results I reported (DeMars 1963) were incorrect.

In Table I the values for samples 4 through 7 in column 4 (Larvae-Dead-Rad.) should read 1, 10, 7, and 4 instead of 10, 7, 4, and 0. In Table II the values for sample 13 in columns 8 and 12 (Beetles of all stages-Live and Total-Rad.) should read 102 instead of 103.

In Canada and Alaska, the Stratiomyidae are represented by six subfamilies containing 23 genera (less Caloparyphus) and 84 species. This paper treats three of the subfamilies, the Beridinae, Sarginae and Clitellariinae which include 15 genera and 21 species.The vast amount of information that has accumulated over the years since 1927 when Dr. Corran published his synopsis of the family has been assembled and reviewed. This includes recent changes in nomenclature, information on adults and immature stages, notes on biology and distribution records. In addition, keys have been provided for adults and larvae (where possible) at the subfamilial, tribal, generic and specific levels.

In introducing this subject it is my intention to speak shortly upon the various species of Locusts which have appeared in injurious numbers within the territorial limits to be designated with each species. Some of these species have covered a vast area of territory, and have caused extensive injury from time to time, while others have appeared over limited areas only, and have caused but slight injuries; but yet these have been sufficient to necessitate their mention amongst the destructive species of the country. Taking them altogether, we have exactly twelve destructive locusts within the territory designated.

Trioza Kobelei, sp. n. — The figures of the tegminal neuration and of the male genital segment in profile, and the following brief description, will distinguish this destructive form from the three other North American Trioza species. Head and thorax varying from dark fulvous to blackish polished, shining. Antennæ testaceous, exceptapically. Tegmina and wings hyaline, colourless, nervures brownish. Femora dark fulvous or blackishbrown, tibiæ and tarsi testaceous, except the apices of the apial tarsal segments. Abdomen smooth, polished and shining, black, with a dark bluish-green gloss.

A new beech-inhabiting aphid, Phyllaphis grandifoliae, is described from Ontario. Its relationships to other species are noted. A key to species of Phyllaphis is given.

Most of the species recorded below were collected by the writer in the vicinity of Ithaca, N. Y. during the years 1888 and 1889. I have seen the collections of others and have found in them some forms that I had not collected. I have also examined the collection of Cornell University, and found several species not previously seen from the locality. This list is not complete, as undoubtedly more species will be found in the Cordulidæ and Gomphidæ.

Salganea humeralis, new species.— Size medium. General colour black, the under surface of the legs and of the body, except the last abdominal segment, or subgenital plate, and the mouth, except the mandibles, and also the vertex, reddish. The base of the elytra in the anal field is also tinted with reddish. Antenna♀ dark, hairy. Wings and elytra mostly missing. Anterior femora unarmed.

The North American species of Dicladocerus are revised. Twelve new species from North America and one from Japan are described and illustrated: alaskensis, australis, prealatus, occidentalis, exoteliae, epinotiae, betulae, vulgaris, nearcticus, pacificus, japonicus, and terraenovae. The species attacking larch casebearer are nearcticus, pacificus, terraenovae, all Nearctic, and japonicus and westwoodii, Palaearctic. Relationships of species-groups in North America are discussed. A key to species, and host records are included.

Previous work by Kinghorn and Chapman (1959) has shown that in coastal British Columbia, the ambrosia beetle Trypodendron lineatum hibernates in the forest litter or duff at various distances within forest edges in the vicinity of brood logs. It was pointed out that further study was required to determine the characteristics of the optimum hibernation sites. It was mentioned that stand density, shade, aspect, slope, and the nature of the duff might be factors controlling the selection of the place of hibernation. The base of trees and the relatively deeper duff, characteristic of this situation, was reported to be the location of the larger populations of hibernating beetles although the level of population was found to vary greatly both from tree to tree and in depth within different forest edges.

For many years American workers have applied the name Phanerotoma tibialis (Hald.) indiscriminately to specimens reared from a variety of lepidoprerous hosts pertaining to the genera Acrobasis, Carpocapsa, Grapholitha, Laspeyresia, Melissopus, and Tetralopha. Concurrently tibialis has come to be regarded as an unusually variable species in both structure and colour. Recently, after examining many specimens reared from the above hosts, I reached the conclusion that two species of Phanerotoma are involved, one a parasite of Pyralidae of the phycitid and epipachiinid groups, and the other a species that apparently confines its attacks to certain Olethreutidae of the subfamily Eucosminae. For reasons stated below it appears that the name Phanerotoma tibialis (Hald.) applies correctly to the species with pyralid hosts (Acrobasis, Tetrarlopha), whereas the species reared from Olethreutidae (Carpocapsa, Grapholitha, Laspeyresia, Melissopus) should he called Phanerotoma fasciata Prov.

The "pars stridens–plectrum" terminology of stridulatory organs is discussed. A list of 77 species of Scolytidae known or presumed to bear stridulatory structures is presented. The three types of scolytid stridulatory organs, vertex–pronotal, gula–prosternal, and elytra–abdominal tergites, are described and discussed.All North American species in the genus Ips were examined for stridulatory organs. The gula–prosternal type was found on females, and possibly males, of I. concinnus (Mannerheim) and I. mexicanus (Hopkins). The vertex–pronotal type occurs on females of 14 other species. No stridulatory structures were found on either sex of the remaining 17 Ips species. Females of 15 of the 18 pine-infesting species have stridulatory organs, while 14 of the 15 spruce-infesting species apparently lack them. Female I. confusus (LeConte) stridulate when entering the male entrance tunnels. Removal of the stridulatory organ has two effects: males do not permit some of these non-stridulating females to enter, and they deny entry to others for an unusually long period of time.Possession of a stridulatory apparatus in the Scolytidae appears to be associated with the sex opposite to that which initiates the entrance tunnel.No significant differences were found between gallery systems constructed by female I. confusus with the stridulatory organ removed and those constructed by stridulating females except that more single stridulating females excavated two or more egg galleries from a nuptial chamber.

The genus Cymbolus Gorham is peculiar to the American tropics. Of the five previously described species, two are from Mexico, two are from Guatemala, and the fifth is from Brazil. I take great pleasure in naming the following species in honor of Mr. A. B. Wolcott through whose efforts I first became interested in the study of this genus.

Shortly after the discovery of the introduction of balsam woolly adelgid, Adelges piceae (Ratzeburg), to the south coast of British Columbia, a predator release program was initiated to establish a complex of European and Asian adelgid predators to supplement existing native predators. Between 1960 and 1969, eight species of exotic predators, Aphidoletes thompsoni Mohn (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), Cremifania nigrocellulata Czerny and Leucopis hennigrata McAlpine [=Leucopis sp. nr. melanopus Tanas. (McAlpine 1978)] (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae), Laricobius erichsonii Rosenhauer (Coleoptera: Derodontidae), Aphidecta obliterata (L.), Scymnus (Pullus) impexus Mulsant, and Scymnus (S.) pumilio (Weise) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), and Tetraphleps abdulghani Ghauri (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae), were released (Clark et al. 1971; Schooley et al. 1984).