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Neighborhood × Serotonin Transporter Linked Polymorphic Region (5-HTTLPR) interactions for substance use from ages 10 to 24 years using a harmonized data set of African American children

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 June 2015

Michael Windle ,
Steven M. Kogan ,
Sunbok Lee ,
Yi-Fu Chen ,
Karlo Mankit Lei ,
Gene H. Brody ,
Steven R. H. Beach  and
Tianyi Yu
Michael Windle*
Affiliation:
Emory University
Steven M. Kogan
Affiliation:
University of Georgia
Sunbok Lee
Affiliation:
University of Georgia
Yi-Fu Chen
Affiliation:
University of Georgia
Karlo Mankit Lei
Affiliation:
University of Georgia
Gene H. Brody
Affiliation:
University of Georgia
Steven R. H. Beach
Affiliation:
University of Georgia
Tianyi Yu
Affiliation:
University of Georgia
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Michael Windle, Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Room 514, Atlanta, GA 30322; E-mail: mwindle@emory.edu.
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Abstract

This study investigated the influences of neighborhood factors (residential stability and neighborhood disadvantage) and variants of the serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) genotype on the development of substance use among African American children aged 10–24 years. To accomplish this, a harmonized data set of five longitudinal studies was created via pooling overlapping age cohorts to establish a database with 2,689 children and 12,474 data points to span ages 10–24 years. A description of steps used in the development of the harmonized data set is provided, including how issues such as the measurement equivalence of constructs were addressed. A sequence of multilevel models was specified to evaluate Gene × Environment effects on growth of substance use across time. Findings indicated that residential instability was associated with higher levels and a steeper gradient of growth in substance use across time. The inclusion of the 5-HTTLPR genotype provided greater precision to the relationships in that higher residential instability, in conjunction with the risk variant of 5-HTTLPR (i.e., the short allele), was associated with the highest level and steepest gradient of growth in substance use across ages 10–24 years. The findings demonstrated how the creation of a harmonized data set increased statistical power to test Gene × Environment interactions for an under studied sample.

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Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 28 , Issue 2 , May 2016 , pp. 415 - 431
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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