Although an extensive literature has accumulated documenting the maladaptive outcomesassociated with childhood victimization, a limited body of knowledge addresses resilience. Thispaper sought to operationalize the construct of resilience across a number of domains offunctioning and time periods and to determine the extent to which abused and neglected childrengrown up demonstrate resilience. Substantiated cases of child abuse and neglect from 1967 to1971 were matched on gender, age, race, and approximate family social class with nonabused andnonneglected children and followed prospectively into young adulthood. Between 1989 and 1995,1,196 participants (676 abused and neglected and 520 controls) were administered a 2-hrin-person interview, including a psychiatric assessment. Resilience requires meeting the criteria forsuccess across six of eight domains of functioning: employment, homelessness, education, socialactivity, psychiatric disorder, substance abuse, and two domains assessing criminal behavior(official arrest and self-reports of violence). Results indicate that 22% of abused and neglectedindividuals meet the criteria for resilience. More females met the criteria for resilience and femaleswere successful across a greater number of domains than males. We speculate on the meaning ofthese findings and discuss implications for the child maltreatment field. Limitations of the studyare also acknowledged.