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Self-injuring adolescent girls exhibit insular cortex volumetric abnormalities that are similar to those seen in adults with borderline personality disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 November 2018

Theodore P. Beauchaine ,
Colin L. Sauder ,
Christina M. Derbidge  and
Lauren L. Uyeji
Theodore P. Beauchaine*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
Colin L. Sauder
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
Christina M. Derbidge
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
Lauren L. Uyeji
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
*
Address for correspondence: Theodore P. Beauchaine, Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, 1835 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210; E-mail: beauchaine.1@osu.edu.
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Abstract

Self-inflicted injury (SII) in adolescence is a serious public health concern that portends prospective vulnerability to internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, borderline personality development, suicide attempts, and suicide. To date, however, our understanding of neurobiological vulnerabilities to SII is limited. Behaviorally, affect dysregulation is common among those who self-injure. This suggests ineffective cortical modulation of emotion, as observed among adults with borderline personality disorder. In borderline samples, structural and functional abnormalities are observed in several frontal regions that subserve emotion regulation (e.g., anterior cingulate, insula, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). However, no volumetric analyses of cortical brain regions have been conducted among self-injuring adolescents. We used voxel-based morphometry to compare cortical gray matter volumes between self-injuring adolescent girls, ages 13–19 years (n = 20), and controls (n = 20). Whole-brain analyses revealed reduced gray matter volumes among self-injurers in the insular cortex bilaterally, and in the right inferior frontal gyrus, an adjacent neural structure also implicated in emotion and self-regulation. Insular and inferior frontal gyrus gray matter volumes correlated inversely with self-reported emotion dysregulation, over-and-above effects of psychopathology. Findings are consistent with an emotion dysregulation construal of SII, and indicate structural abnormalities in some but not all cortical brain regions implicated in borderline personality disorder among adults.

Keywords

adolescenceborderline personality disorderinsulamagnetic resonance imagingself-injury

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Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 31 , Issue 4 , October 2019 , pp. 1203 - 1212
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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