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An RDoC-based approach to adolescent self-injurious thoughts and behaviors: The interactive role of social affiliation and cardiac arousal

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2023

Benjamin W. Nelson Open the ORCID record for Benjamin W. Nelson [Opens in a new window] ,
Olivia H. Pollak ,
Matthew G. Clayton Open the ORCID record for Matthew G. Clayton [Opens in a new window] ,
Eva H. Telzer Open the ORCID record for Eva H. Telzer [Opens in a new window]  and
Mitchell J. Prinstein Open the ORCID record for Mitchell J. Prinstein [Opens in a new window]
Benjamin W. Nelson*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
Olivia H. Pollak
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
Matthew G. Clayton
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
Eva H. Telzer
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
Mitchell J. Prinstein
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
*
Corresponding author: Benjamin W. Nelson, email: bwn@unc.edu
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Abstract

Recent theoretical models have posited that increases in self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs) during adolescence may be linked to failures in biological stress regulation in contexts of social stress. However, there is a lack of data examining this hypothesis during the transition to adolescence, a sensitive period of development characterized by changes across socioaffective and psychophysiological domains. Building on principles from developmental psychopathology and the RDoC framework, the present study used a longitudinal design in a sample of 147 adolescents to test whether interactions among experiences of social (i.e., parent and peer) conflict and cardiac arousal (i.e., resting heart rate) predicted adolescents’ engagement in SITBs (i.e., nonsuicidal self-injury, NSSI; and suicidal ideation; SI) across 1-year follow-up. Prospective analyses revealed that adolescents experiencing a combination of greater peer, but not family, conflict and higher cardiac arousal at baseline showed significant longitudinal increases in NSSI. In contrast, social conflict did not interact with cardiac arousal to predict future SI. Findings indicate that greater peer-related interpersonal stress in adolescents may increase risk for future NSSI among youth with physiological vulnerabilities (i.e., higher resting heart rate) that may be markers of maladaptive stress responses. Future research should examine these processes at finer timescales to elucidate whether these factors are proximal predictors of within-day SITBs.

Keywords

adolescencecardiac arousalself-injurious thoughts and behaviorssocial stress
Type
Regular Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , First View , pp. 1 - 11
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© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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