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A model-based cluster analysis approach to adolescent problem behaviors and young adult outcomes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 January 2008

Eun Young Mun ,
Michael Windle  and
Lisa M. Schainker
Eun Young Mun*
Affiliation:
Rutgers University
Michael Windle
Affiliation:
Emory University
Lisa M. Schainker
Affiliation:
Iowa State University
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Eun Young Mun, Rutgers Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers University, 607 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854; E-mail: eymun@rci.rutgers.edu.
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Abstract

Data from a community-based sample of 1,126 10th- and 11th-grade adolescents were analyzed using a model-based cluster analysis approach to empirically identify heterogeneous adolescent subpopulations from the person-oriented and pattern-oriented perspectives. The model-based cluster analysis is a new clustering procedure to investigate population heterogeneity utilizing finite mixture multivariate normal densities and accordingly to classify subpopulations using more rigorous statistical procedures for the comparison of alternative models. Four cluster groups were identified and labeled multiproblem high-risk, smoking high-risk, normative, and low-risk groups. The multiproblem high risk exhibited a constellation of high levels of problem behaviors, including delinquent and sexual behaviors, multiple illicit substance use, and depressive symptoms at age 16. They had risky temperamental attributes and lower academic functioning and educational expectations at age 15.5 and, subsequently, at age 24 completed fewer years of education, and reported lower levels of physical health and higher levels of continued involvement in substance use and abuse. The smoking high-risk group was also found to be at risk for poorer functioning in young adulthood, compared to the low-risk group. The normative and the low risk groups were, by and large, similar in their adolescent and young adult functioning. The continuity and comorbidity path from middle adolescence to young adulthood may be aided and abetted by chronic as well as episodic substance use by adolescents.

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Type
Research Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 20 , Issue 1 , Winter 2008 , pp. 291 - 318
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

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Footnotes

This research was supported by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Grant R37-AA07861 awarded to Michael Windle. We are grateful to Alexander von Eye for his helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript.

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