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Neurodevelopmental factors associated with schizotypal symptoms among adolescents at risk for schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 October 2009

Sydney L. Hans ,
Judith G. Auerbach ,
Keith H. Nuechterlein ,
Robert F. Asarnow ,
Joan Asarnow ,
Benedict Styr  and
Joseph Marcus
Sydney L. Hans*
Affiliation:
University of Chicago
Judith G. Auerbach
Affiliation:
Ben Gurion University Centre for Advanced Study at the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
Keith H. Nuechterlein
Affiliation:
University of California, Los Angeles
Robert F. Asarnow
Affiliation:
University of California, Los Angeles
Joan Asarnow
Affiliation:
University of California, Los Angeles
Benedict Styr
Affiliation:
Maccabi Health Services, Israel
Joseph Marcus
Affiliation:
University of Chicago
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Sydney Hans, School of Social Service Administration, University of Chicago, 969 East 60th Street, Chicago, IL 60637; E-mail: shans@uchicago.edu.
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Abstract

Schizophrenia has come to be viewed as a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by genetic vulnerability, stressors during the prenatal period that may be marked by minor physical anomalies and neurobehavioral deficits that emerge in early development. Less is known about the neurodevelopmental origins of schizotypal personality symptoms. The present study examines schizotypal symptoms in Israeli adolescents (mean age = 16.79 years) who have not yet reached the developmental period during which first schizophrenic episode is most likely to emerge: 39 adolescent offspring of parents with schizophrenia, 39 offspring of parents with other psychiatric disorders, and 36 offspring of parents with no history of mental illness. The Semi-Structured Kiddie Interview for Personality Syndromes was used to assess cognitive–perceptual, interpersonal, and disorganized schizotypal symptoms. Interpersonal schizotypal symptoms were more prevalent in the schizophrenia offspring group than in the no-mental-illness offspring group. Among the schizophrenia offspring group, interpersonal, but not cognitive–perceptual, schizotypal symptoms were associated with minor physical anomalies, fine motor dyscoordination, and deficits in executive functioning during adolescence. Among young people whose parents did not have schizophrenia, cognitive–perceptual schizotypal symptoms were correlated with deficits in executive functioning. Adolescent schizotypal symptoms were associated with neurobehavioral symptoms measured during middle childhood in a subgroup of the sample that had been assessed prospectively. Finally, young people who had genetic risk for schizophrenia, minor physical anomalies, and neurobehavioral signs together were at markedly increased risk for symptoms of interpersonal schizotypal symptoms, compared to young people with one or none of these risk factors.

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Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 21 , Issue 4: Precursors and Diverse Pathways to Personality Disorder in Children and Adolescents: Part 2 , November 2009 , pp. 1195 - 1210
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Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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