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Social experiences and youth psychopathology during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 December 2022

Alexandra M. Rodman Open the ORCID record for Alexandra M. Rodman [Opens in a new window] ,
Maya L. Rosen ,
Steven W. Kasparek Open the ORCID record for Steven W. Kasparek [Opens in a new window] ,
Makeda Mayes ,
Liliana Lengua Open the ORCID record for Liliana Lengua [Opens in a new window] ,
Andrew N. Meltzoff  and
Katie A. McLaughlin
Alexandra M. Rodman*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
Maya L. Rosen
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
Steven W. Kasparek
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
Makeda Mayes
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Liliana Lengua
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Andrew N. Meltzoff
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Katie A. McLaughlin
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
*
Corresponding author: Alexandra M. Rodman, email: arodman@fas.harvard.edu
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Abstract

The early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated stay-at-home orders resulted in a stark reduction in daily social interactions for children and adolescents. Given that peer relationships are especially important during this developmental stage, it is crucial to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social behavior and risk for psychopathology in children and adolescents. In a longitudinal sample (N=224) of children (7-10y) and adolescents (13-15y) assessed at three strategic time points (before the pandemic, during the initial stay-at-home order period, and six months later after the initial stay-at-home order period was lifted), we examine whether certain social factors protect against increases in stress-related psychopathology during the pandemic, controlling for pre-pandemic symptoms. Youth who reported less in-person and digital socialization, greater social isolation, and less social support had worsened psychopathology during the pandemic. Greater social isolation and decreased digital socialization during the pandemic were associated with greater risk for psychopathology after experiencing pandemic-related stressors. In addition, children, but not adolescents, who maintained some in-person socialization were less likely to develop internalizing symptoms following exposure to pandemic-related stressors. We identify social factors that promote well-being and resilience in youth during this societal event.

Keywords

developmental psychopathologysocial behavioradolescencestresslife events

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Type
Regular Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 36 , Issue 1 , February 2024 , pp. 366 - 378
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© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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