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Fuelwood source substitution, gender, and shadow prices in western Kenya

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 July 2018

David M. A. Murphy ,
Julia Berazneva  and
David R. Lee
David M. A. Murphy
Affiliation:
Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
Julia Berazneva
Affiliation:
Department of Economics, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, USA
David R. Lee*
Affiliation:
Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: DRL5@cornell.edu
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Abstract

Fuelwood scarcity creates a widespread environmental problem that places a major burden on women and children in the rural areas of developing countries. Consequently, many governments, donors and non-governmental organizations have encouraged on-farm fuelwood production and agroforestry practices. Whether, however, fuelwood from different sources can be easily substituted is an important empirical question as the degree of substitutability can depend on local markets and households' resource endowments and incomes. In this paper, we examine the substitution between three fuelwood sources among rural households in western Kenya: fuelwood collected off-farm, fuelwood produced on-farm, and that which is purchased. Using household-specific shadow prices for fuelwood and male and female wages, we find that strict gender divisions in household labor result in limited substitution between fuelwood sources. Among the implications are that programs and policies promoting agroforestry will have limited success without first addressing the structural differences in labor markets.

Keywords

Africaeconomic developmentenvironmentforestryfuelwoodgenderhousehold energy demand
Type
Research Article
Information
Environment and Development Economics , Volume 23 , Issue 6 , December 2018 , pp. 655 - 678
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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