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Interhemispheric compensation: A hypothesis of TMS-induced effects on language-related areas

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

Jamila Andoh  and
Jean-Luc Martinot
Jamila Andoh
Affiliation:
INSERM, U797, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, IFR49, Orsay, France CEA, “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry” U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot and Neurospin, I2BM, Orsay, France Paris Sud University, UMR U797, Orsay, France Paris Descartes University, UMR U797, Paris, France Brain and Body Centre, University of Nottingham, UK
Jean-Luc Martinot*
Affiliation:
INSERM, U797, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, IFR49, Orsay, France CEA, “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry” U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot and Neurospin, I2BM, Orsay, France Paris Sud University, UMR U797, Orsay, France Paris Descartes University, UMR U797, Paris, France
*
∗Corresponding author. INSERM – CEA, Research Unit U797 “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Université Paris Sud, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, 4 place du Général Leclerc, 91401 Orsay, France. Tel.: +33 (0)1 69 86 77 57; fax: +33 (0)1 69 86 78 10. E-mail address: jean-luc.martinot@cea.fr (J.-L. Martinot).
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Abstract

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied over brain regions responsible for language processing is used to curtail potentially auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia patients and to investigate the functional organisation of language-related areas. Variability of effects is, however, marked across studies and between subjects. Furthermore, the mechanisms of action of rTMS are poorly understood.

Here, we reviewed different factors related to the structural and functional organisation of the brain that might influence rTMS-induced effects. Then, by analogy with aphasia studies, and the plastic-adaptive changes in both the left and right hemispheres following aphasia recovery, a hypothesis is proposed about rTMS mechanisms over language-related areas (e.g. Wernicke, Broca). We proposed that the local interference induced by rTMS in language-related areas might be analogous to aphasic stroke and might lead to a functional reorganisation in areas connected to the virtual lesion for language recovery.

Keywords

Transcranial magnetic stimulationAphasiaFunctional reorganisationLanguage recovery
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 23 , Issue 4 , June 2008 , pp. 281 - 288
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2008

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