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Axial ratio beamwidth enhancement of a low-profile circularly polarized antenna using defected ground structures

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2023

Mrityunjoy Kumar Ray Open the ORCID record for Mrityunjoy Kumar Ray [Opens in a new window] ,
Kaushik Mandal ,
Gholamhosein Moloudian  and
Ali Lalbakhsh
Mrityunjoy Kumar Ray*
Affiliation:
Institute of Radio Physics and Electronics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700009, India
Kaushik Mandal
Affiliation:
Institute of Radio Physics and Electronics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700009, India
Gholamhosein Moloudian
Affiliation:
Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Dyke Parade, T12R5CP Cork, Ireland
Ali Lalbakhsh
Affiliation:
School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, NSW, Australia
*
Author for correspondence: Mrityunjoy Kumar Ray, E-mail: kray.mrityunjoy@gmail.com
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Abstract

This article explores the possibilities of incorporating a defected ground structure (DGS) for widening the 3 dB axial ratio beamwidth (ARBW) of a simple low-profile planar circularly polarized (CP) antenna. Two pairs of DGSs are etched symmetrically along the diagonals of the ground plane to overcome the limited 3 dB ARBW performance of a crossed-slotted circular-shaped planar CP antenna. Here, one pair of DGSs is orthogonal to another pair of DGSs. The distance between the pairs of DGSs plays a key role in enhancing the 3 dB ARBW by 40.62%. A gap of 0.18λ0 is considered between the DGSs to maintain the symmetrical electric field distribution in the substrate. It also helps to reduce orthogonal current components and provides uniformly distributed patch surface currents. These phenomena collectively help the proposed CP antenna to exhibit right-handed circular polarization radiation with the 3 dB ARBW of 186° and 188° in the E-plane and H-plane, respectively. The measured results yield impedance bandwidth (S11 ≤ −10 dB) of 2.6% (2.283–2.342 GHz), CP bandwidth of 0.9% (2.294–2.315 GHz), gain higher than 4.8 dBic, and total antenna efficiency more than 64% across the entire CP band.

Keywords

Axial ratio beamwidthcircular polarizationdefected ground structuresurface current
Type
Antenna Design, Modelling and Measurements
Information
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies , Volume 15 , Special Issue 8: EuCAP 2022 Special Issue , October 2023 , pp. 1434 - 1442
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with the European Microwave Association

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