Alexopoulos, G. S., Abrams, R. C., Young, R. C. and Shamoian, C. A. (1988). Cornell scale for depression in dementia. Biological Psychiatry, 23, 271–284.
American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edn, text revision. Washington, DC: Author.
Beekman, A. T.
et al. (1998). Anxiety disorders in later life: a report from the Longitudinal aging study Amsterdam. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 13, 717–726.
Callahan, C. M., Hendrie, H. C. and Tierney, W. M. (1995). Documentation and evaluation of cognitive impairment in elderly primary care patients. Annals of Internal Medicine, 122, 422–429. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-122-6-199503150-00004.
Cheng, T., Chen, T., Yip, P., Hua, M., Yang, C. and Chiu, M. (2009). Comparison of behavioral and psychological symptoms of Alzheimer's disease among institution residents and memory clinic outpatients. International Psychogeriatrics, 21, 1134–1141. doi: 10.1017/S1041610209990767.
Clark, L. A. and Watson, D. B. (1995). Constructing validity: basic issues in objective scale development. Psychological Assessment, 7, 309–319. Reprinted in Kazdin, A. E. (ed.) (1998 & 2003). Methodological Issues and Strategies in Clinical Research, 2nd edn, (pp. 215–240) & 3rd edn, (pp. 207–232). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
de Beurs, E., Beekman, A. T., van Balkom, A. J., Deeg, D. J., van Dyck, R. and van Tilburg, W. (1991). Consequences of anxiety in older persons: its effect on disability, well-being and use of health services. Psychological Medicine, 29, 583–593.
de Craen, A. J., Heeren, T. J. and Gussekloo, J. (2003). Accuracy of the 15-item geriatric depression scale in a community sample of the oldest of old. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18, 63–66. doi: 10.1002/gps.773.
Givens, J. L., Sanft, T. B. and Mercantoni, E. R. (2008). Functional recovery after hip fracture: the combined effects of depressive symptoms, cognitive impairment, and delirium. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 56, 1075–1079. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.01711.x.
Kieffer, K. M. and Reese, R. J. (2002). A reliability generalization study of the geriatric depression scale. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 62, 969–994. doi: 10.1177/0013164402238085.
Lenze, E. J.
et al. (2004). Adverse effects of depression and cognitive impairment on rehabilitation participation and recovery from hip fracture. International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, 15, 472–478. doi: 10.1002/gps.1116.
Lyness, J. M., Cox, C., Curry, J., Conwell, Y., King, D. A. and Caine, E. D. (1995). Older age and the underreporting of depressive symptoms. Journal of the American Geriatric Society, 43, 216–221.
Mansbach, W. E. and MacDougall, E. E. (2012). Development and validation of the short form of the brief cognitive assessment tool (BCAT-SF). Aging and Mental Health, 16, 1065–1071. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2012.702729.
Mansbach, W. E., Mace, R. A. and Clark, K. M. (2014). Story recall and word lists: differential and combined utilities in predicting cognitive diagnosis. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 36, 596–576. doi: 10.1080/13803395.2014.916656.
Mendlowicz, M. V. and Stein, M. B. (2000). Quality of life in individuals with anxiety disorders. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 157, 669–682. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.157.5.669.
Morris, J. C. (1993). The clinical dementia rating (CDR): current version and scoring rules. Neurology, 43, 2412–2414.
Neville, C. and Teri, L. (2011). Anxiety, anxiety symptoms, and associations among older people with dementia in assisted-living facilities. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 20, 195–201. doi: 10.1111/j.1447-0349.2010.00724.x.
Nunnally, J. and Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric Theory, 3rd edn. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Østbye, T., Yarnall, K. S. H., Krause, K. M., Pollak, K. I., Gradison, M. and Michener, J. L. (2005). Is there time for management of patients with chronic diseases in primary care?
Annals of Family Medicine, 3, 209–214. doi: 10.1370/afm.310.
Parmelee, P. A., Katz, I. R. and Lawton, M. P. (1989). Depression among institutionalized aged: assessment and prevalence estimation. Journals of Gerontology, 44, 22–29. doi: 10.1093/geronj/44.1.M22.
Saint Onge, M. S., Krueger, P. M. and Rogers, R. G. (2014). The relationship between major depression and nonsuicide mortality for U.S. adults: the importance of health behaviors. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 69, 622–632. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbu009.
Saliba, D.
et al. (2012). MDS 3.0: brief interview for mental status. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 13, 611–617.
Samus, Q. M.
et al. (2013). Cohort differences in dementia recognition and treatment indicators among assisted living residents in Maryland: did a change in the resident assessment tool make a difference?
International Psychogeriatrics, 25, 2047–56. doi: 10.1017/S1041610213001610.
Sheikh, J. I. and Yesavage, J. A. (1986). Geriatric depression scale (GDS): recent evidence and development of a shorter version. Clinical Gerontology: A Guide to Assessment and Intervention. NY: The Haworth Press.
Smallbrugge, M., Pot, A. M., Jongenelis, L., Beekman, A. T. and Eefsting, J. A. (2005). Comorbidity of depression and anxiety in nursing home patients. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 20, 218–226. doi: 10.1002/gps.1269.
Smith, M.
et al. (2008). Anxiety symptoms among assisted living residents: implications of the “no difference” finding for participants with and without dementia. Research in Gerontological Nursing, 1, 97–104. doi: 10.3928/19404921-20080401-06.
Spitzer, R. L., Korenke, K., Williams, J. B. and Löwe, B. (2006). A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166, 1092–1097. doi:10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092.
Wagenaar, D., Coleenda, C. C., Kreft, M., Savade, J., Gardner, J. and Povereja, E. (2003). Treating depression in nursing homes: practice guidelines in the real world. Journal of the American Osteopathic Association, 103, 464–469.
Watson, L. C., Garrett, J. M., Sloane, P. D., Gruber-Baldini, A. L. and Zimmerman, S. (2003). Depression in assisted living: results from a four-state study. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 11, 534–542. doi: 10.1097/00019442-200309000-00008.
Watson, L. C.
et al. (2006). Depression in assisted living is common and related to physical burden. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 14, 876–883. doi: 10.1097/01.JGP.0000218698.80152.79.
Wild, B.
et al. (2013). Assessing generalized anxiety disorder in elderly people using the GAD-7 and GAD-2 scales: results of a validation study. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 22, 1029–1038. doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2013.01.076.
Yarnall, K. S., Pollak, K. I., Østbye, T., Krause, K. M. and Michener, J. L. (2003). Primary care: is there enough time for prevention? American Journal of Public Health, 93, 635–641.