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research-article

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 July 2016

Extract

The Irish executive during the nineteenth century resembled the imperial double-headed eagle, or even occasionally Cerberus. For the control of the Irish administration was shared between the lord lieutenant and the chief secretary. Of course, theoretically the latter was merely the assistant of the former. In fact they formed a (frequently uneasy) partnership, and, as will be shown, throughout the century the chief secretary's political importance tended to increase largely at the expense of his nominal superior, though admittedly the exact balance of power between the two offices tended to, fluctuate in accordance with the personalities of their holders. Finally, in the absence from Ireland of the chief secretary, a strong undersecretary could exercise power out of proportion to his place in the administrative hierarchy.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Irish Historical Studies Publications Ltd 1955

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References

1 For definitive lists of the lords lieutenants and chief secretaries, see Handbook of British chronology (London, 1939), pp. 107–27Google Scholar, and Hughes, J. L. J., ‘ The chief secretaries in Ireland ’, in I.H.S., viii. 5972 Google Scholar. O'Brien's, R. B. Dublin Castle and the Irish people (London, 1909; 2nd ed., 1912)Google Scholar, though biased, contains a large amount of useful information on the workings of the Irish administration during the nineteenth century.

2 H.M.C., Cecil MSS, i. 401.

3 Hely-Hutchinson to Wyndham, 12 Aug. 1784 (B.M., Add. MS 37873).

4 Report of the select committee on civil government charges, p. 67, H.C. 1831 (337), IV. 399.

5 Commons’ jn. Ire., xvii. 684. For the form of appointment after the union, see Hughes, J. L. J., op. cit., I.H.S., viii. 68.Google Scholar

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10 Naas was in fact admitted six weeks after the formation of the cabinet ( Buckle, G. E., Life of Disraeli, iv. 445 Google Scholar).

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13 Spencer to Gladstone, 7 Oct. 1883 (B.M., Add. MS 44310).

14 Gladstone to Trevelyan, 23 Aug. 1883, 26 July 1884; Trevelyan to Gladstone, 26 July 1884 (B.M., Add. MS 44335).

15 Spencer to Gladstone, 20 Sept. 1884 (B.M., Add. MS 44311).

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24 Gregory was thought to exercise influence in patronage matters and his removal had been considered by Lansdowne and Lamb in 1827 ( Gregory, I., Mr Gregory's letter-box (London 1898), pp. 1113 Google Scholar).

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30 Lord lieutenancy abolition ﹛Ireland) bill, H.C. 1850, iii. 617.

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33 Ibid., series 3, cxcii. 346–62, ccvii. 1341.

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38 Spencer to Gladstone, 26 Jan. 1885 (B.M., Add. MS 44312).

39 Iris Ofigiuil, 4 Apr. 1922; London Gazette, 1 Apr. 1922.

40 B.M. Add. MS 41210, ff. 77–82. The capitalisation of the original has been retained.