Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-skm99 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-30T03:51:52.564Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Momentum Effect as Part of a Market Equilibrium

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 April 2014

Seung Mo Choi
Affiliation:
choism@wsu.edu, School of Economic Sciences, Washington State University, PO Box 646210, Pullman, WA 99164
Hwagyun Kim
Affiliation:
hagenkim@tamu.edu, Mays Business School, Texas A&M University, 4218 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843.

Abstract

Does the momentum effect arise naturally from the determination of asset prices in market equilibrium? We calibrate a standard endowment model of multiple assets under recursive preferences. The momentum effect partly comes from investors’ aversion to consumption risks. An unexpected dividend increase generates a positive return and increases the asset’s proportion of consumption, raising the correlation between its future dividend growth and consumption growth. This is compensated by a higher expected return, generating the momentum effect. The cross-sectional difference in expected returns is also a key contributor. The quantified model produces sizable momentum profits, often close to the observed profits.

Type
Research Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Michael G. Foster School of Business, University of Washington 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abel, A. B. “Risk Premia and Term Premia in General Equilibrium.” Journal of Monetary Economics, 43 (1999), 333.Google Scholar
Asness, C. S.; Liew, J. M.; and Stevens, R. L.. “Parallels Between the Cross-Sectional Predictability of Stock and Country Returns.” Journal of Portfolio Management, 23 (1997), 7987.Google Scholar
Asness, C. S.; Moskowitz, T. J.; and Pedersen, L. H.. “Value and Momentum Everywhere.” Journal of Finance, 68 (2013), 929985.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bansal, R.; Dittmar, R. F.; and Lundblad, C. T.. “Consumption, Dividends, and the Cross Section of Equity Returns.” Journal of Finance, 60 (2005), 16391672.Google Scholar
Bansal, R., and Yaron, A.. “Risks for the Long Run: A Potential Resolution of Asset Pricing Puzzles.” Journal of Finance, 59 (2004), 14811509.Google Scholar
Barberis, N.; Shleifer, A.; and Vishny, R.. “A Model of Investor Sentiment.” Journal of Financial Economics, 49 (1998), 307343.Google Scholar
Barro, R. J. “Rare Disasters and Asset Markets in the Twentieth Century.” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 121 (2006), 823866.Google Scholar
Bhojraj, S., and Swaminathan, B.. “Macromomentum: Returns Predictability in International Equity Indices.” Journal of Business, 79 (2006), 429451.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bossaerts, P., and Green, R. C.. “A General Equilibrium Model of Changing Risk Premia: Theory and Tests.” Review of Financial Studies, 2 (1989), 467493.Google Scholar
Campbell, J. Y. “Bond and Stock Returns in a Simple Exchange Model.” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 101 (1986), 785803.Google Scholar
Chordia, T., and Shivakumar, L.. “Momentum, Business Cycle, and Time-Varying Expected Returns.” Journal of Finance, 57 (2002), 9851019.Google Scholar
Cochrane, J. H.; Longstaff, F. A.; and Santa-Clara, P.. “Two Trees.” Review of Financial Studies, 21 (2008), 347385.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conrad, J., and Kaul, G.. “Mean Reversion in Short-Horizon Expected Returns.” Review of Financial Studies, 2 (1989), 225240.Google Scholar
Daniel, K.; Hirshleifer, D.; and Subrahmanyam, A.. “Investor Psychology and Security Market Under- and Overreactions.” Journal of Finance, 53 (1998), 18391885.Google Scholar
Epstein, L. G., and Zin, S. E.. “Substitution, Risk Aversion, and the Temporal Behavior of Consumption and Asset Returns: A Theoretical Framework.” Econometrica, 57 (1989), 937969.Google Scholar
Fama, E. F., and French, K. R.. “Multifactor Explanations of Asset Pricing Anomalies.” Journal of Finance, 51 (1996), 5584.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gorton, G. B.; Hayashi, F.; and Rouwenhorst, K. G.. “The Fundamentals of Commodity Futures Returns.” Review of Finance, 17 (2013), 35105.Google Scholar
Grundy, B. D., and Martin, J. S.. “Understanding the Nature of the Risks and the Source of Rewards to Momentum Investing.” Review of Financial Studies, 14 (2001), 2978.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guvenen, F. “A Parsimonious Macroeconomic Model for Asset Pricing.” Econometrica, 77 (2009), 17111750.Google Scholar
Hong, H., and Stein, J. C.. “A Unified Theory of Underreaction, Momentum Trading and Overreaction in Asset Markets.” Journal of Finance, 54 (1999), 21432184.Google Scholar
Jegadeesh, N., and Titman, S.. “Returns to Buying Winners and Selling Losers: Implications for Stock Market Efficiency.” Journal of Finance, 48 (1993), 6591.Google Scholar
Jegadeesh, N., and Titman, S.. “Profitability of Momentum Strategies: An Evaluation of Alternative Explanations.” Journal of Finance, 56 (2001), 699720.Google Scholar
Johnson, T. C. “Rational Momentum Effects.” Journal of Finance, 57 (2002), 585608.Google Scholar
Kim, H.; Choi, S. M.; Johnson, S. A.; and Nam, C.. “Dividend Policy, Investment, and Stock Returns.” Working Paper, Texas A&M University (2012).Google Scholar
Lesmond, D. A.; Schill, M. J.; and Zhou, C.. “The Illusory Nature of Momentum Profits.” Journal of Financial Economics, 71 (2004), 349380.Google Scholar
Lewellen, J. “Momentum and Autocorrelation in Stock Returns.” Review of Financial Studies, 15 (2002), 533564.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, L. X., and Zhang, L.. “Momentum Profits, Factor Pricing, and Macroeconomic Risk.” Review of Financial Studies, 21 (2008), 24172448.Google Scholar
Lo, A. W., and MacKinlay, A. C.. “When Are Contrarian Profits Due to Stock Market Overreaction?” Review of Financial Studies, 3 (1990), 175205.Google Scholar
Lucas, R. E. Jr. “Asset Prices in an Exchange Economy.” Econometrica, 46 (1978), 14291445.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, I. “The Lucas Orchard.” Econometrica, 81 (2013), 55111.Google Scholar
Mehra, R., and Prescott, E. C.. “The Equity Premium: A Puzzle.” Journal of Monetary Economics, 15 (1985), 145161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Menzly, L.; Santos, T.; and Veronesi, P.. “Understanding Predictability.” Journal of Political Economy, 112 (2004), 147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pavlova, A., and Rigobon, R.. “Asset Prices and Exchange Rates.” Review of Financial Studies, 20 (2007), 11391180.Google Scholar
Poterba, J. M., and Samwick, A. A.. “Stock Ownership Patterns, Stock Market Fluctuations, and Consumption.” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 26 (1995), 295372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Santos, T., and Veronesi, P.. “Labor Income and Predictable Stock Returns.” Review of Financial Studies, 19 (2006), 144.Google Scholar
Statman, M. “How Many Stocks Make a Diversified Portfolio?Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 22 (1987), 353363.Google Scholar
Vayanos, D., and Woolley, P.. “An Institutional Theory of Momentum and Reversal.” Review of Financial Studies, 26 (2013), 10871145.Google Scholar
Weil, P. “The Equity Premium Puzzle and the Risk-Free Rate Puzzle.” Journal of Monetary Economics, 24 (1989), 401421.Google Scholar
Zurek, P. “Momentum and Long-Run Risks.” Working Paper, University of Pennsylvania (2007).Google Scholar