Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-25wd4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-27T07:22:18.932Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Investing with Ben Graham: An Ex Ante Test of the Efficient Markets Hypothesis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

Extract

In an efficient capital market, prices fully reflect available information and adjust to new information in a rapid and unbiased fashion. As a result, prices provide unbiased estimates of the underlying values. No known trading rule or security selection strategy which uses only publicly available information would provide an investor with the ability to earn, on average, positive “abnormal” returns in a market that is efficient in the semi-strong sense. Thus, a finding that common stocks selected, using a readily available, widely disseminated set of rules which requires only publicly available information for decision-making purposes, earn, on average, positive abnormal returns represents strong contradictory evidence regarding the semi-strong form of the efficient markets hypothesis.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © School of Business Administration, University of Washington 1981

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

[1]Banz, R. W.The Relationship between Market Value and Return of Common Stocks.” Working Paper 29, Center for Research in Security Prices (1979).Google Scholar
[2]Bigus, A. W.Managing Portfolios with Graham and Dodd.The Journal of Portfolio Management (Spring 1977).Google Scholar
[3]Black, F.Capital Market Equilibrium with Restricted Borrowing.The Journal of Business (07 1972).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[4]Black, F.Yes, Virginia, There Is Hope: Tests of the Value Line Ranking System.” Financial Analysts Journal (0910 1973).Google Scholar
[5]Black, F.; Jensen, M.; and Scholes, M.. “The Capital Asset Pricing Model: Some Empirical Tests.” In Studies in the Theory of Capital Markets, Jensen, M., ed. New York: Praeger (1972).Google Scholar
[6]Blustein, P. “Ben Graham's Last Will and Testament.” Forbes (08 1, 1977).Google Scholar
[7]Fama, E. F.Efficient Capital Markets: A Review of Theory and Empirical Work.The Journal of Finance (05 1970).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[8]Fama, E. F.Foundations of Finance. New York: Basic Books (1976).Google Scholar
[9]Fama, E. F., and MacBeth, James. “Risk, Return and Equilibrium.” Journal of Political Economy (0506 1973).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[10]Graham, B.The Intelligent Investor. New York: Harper & Row (1949).Google Scholar
[11]Graham, B.The Intelligent Investor. New York: Harper & Row, sec. ed. (1954).Google Scholar
[12]Graham, B.The Intelligent Investor. New York: Harper & Row, third ed. (1959).Google Scholar
[13]Graham, B.The Intelligent Investor. New York: Harper & Row, third rev. ed. (1965).Google Scholar
[14]Graham, B.The Intelligent Investor. New York: Harper & Row, fourth rev. ed. (1973).Google Scholar
[15]Graham, B.; Dodd, D. L.; and Cottle, S.. Security Analysis. New York: McGraw-Hill, fourth ed. (1961).Google Scholar
[16]Handbook of Common Stocks, 19551975. New York: Moody's, Inc.Google Scholar
[17]Jensen, M. C.The Performance of Mutual Funds in the Period 1945–1964.The Journal of Finance (05 1968).Google Scholar
[18]Jensen, M. C.Some Anomalous Evidence regarding Market Efficiency.” Journal of Financial Economics (06/09 1978).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[19]Lintner, J. “The Valuation of Risky Assets and the Selection of, Risky Investments in Stock Portfolios and Capital Budgets.” Review of Economics and Statistics (02 1965).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[20]Malkiel, B., and Cragg, J.. “Expectations and the Structure of Share Prices.” American Economic Review (09 1970).Google Scholar
[21]Mayers, D., and Rice, E. M.. “Measuring Portfolio Performance and the Empirical Content of Asset Pricing Models.” Journal of Financial Economics (03 1979).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[22]Miller, E. M.Risk, Uncertainty and Divergence of Opinion.The Journal of Finance (09 1977).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[23]Mossin, J. “Equilibrium in a Capital Asset Market.” Econometrica (10 1966).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[24]Rea, J. B.Remembering Benjamin Graham—Teacher and Friend.The Journal of Portfolio Management (Fall 1977).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[25]Reinganum, M. R. “Misspecification of Capital Asset Pricing: Empirical Anomaties Based in Earnings Yields and Market Values.” Unpublished paper (07 1979).Google Scholar
[26]Rendleman, R. J., and Carabini, C. E.. “A Reexamination of the Efficient Markets Hypothesis: A Review of Recent Empirical Work.” Unpublished paper (09 1979).Google Scholar
[27]Roll, R.A Critique of the Asset Pricing Theory's Tests: Part I: On Past and Potential Testability of the Theory.” Journal of Financial Economics (03 1977).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[28]Roll, R.Ambiguity When Performance Is Measured by the Securities Market Line.The Journal of Finance (09 1978).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[29]Roll, R., and Ross, S.. “An Empirical Investigation of the Arbitrage Pricing Theory.” Working Paper 15–79, University of California at Los Angeles (1979).Google Scholar
[30]Security Owner's Stock Guide. New York: Standard and Poor's Corporation (19551976).Google Scholar
[31]Sharpe, W. F.Capital Asset Prices: A Theory of Market Equilibrium under Risk.The Journal of Finance (09 1964).Google Scholar
[32]Treynor, J.Efficient Capital Markets and Fundamental Analysis.” Financial Analysts Journal (03/04 1974).Google Scholar
[33]Treynor, J.Long-Term Investing.” Financial Analysts Journal (05/06 1976).CrossRefGoogle Scholar