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Entrainment by turbulent fountains

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 February 2016

H. C. Burridge  and
G. R. Hunt
H. C. Burridge
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK
G. R. Hunt*
Affiliation:
Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
*
†Email address for correspondence: gary.hunt@eng.cam.ac.uk
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Abstract

Experimental measurements of entrainment by turbulent fountains from circular sources in quiescent uniform environments are presented. Our results span almost four orders of magnitude in the source Froude number ( $0.004\leqslant \mathit{Fr}_{0}\leqslant 25$ ) and thereby encompass the entrainment across all classes of fountain behaviour identified to date. We identify scalings for the entrained volume flux $Q_{E}$ , in terms of $\mathit{Fr}_{0}$ and the source volume flux $Q_{0}$ , within a number of distinct Froude-number bands corresponding to each class of fountain. Additionally we identify a distinct class of new behaviour, as yet unreported, for $\mathit{Fr}_{0}\lesssim 0.1$ .

JFM classification

Wakes/Jets: Jets Convection: Plumes/thermals Turbulent Flows: Turbulent convection

Information

Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 790 , 10 March 2016 , pp. 407 - 418
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Copyright
© 2016 Cambridge University Press 

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