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Experimental investigation of tsunami waves generated by granular collapse into water

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 November 2020

Manon Robbe-Saule ,
Cyprien Morize Open the ORCID record for Cyprien Morize [Opens in a new window] ,
Robin Henaff ,
Yann Bertho Open the ORCID record for Yann Bertho [Opens in a new window] ,
Alban Sauret Open the ORCID record for Alban Sauret [Opens in a new window]  and
Philippe Gondret Open the ORCID record for Philippe Gondret [Opens in a new window]
Manon Robbe-Saule
Affiliation:
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire FAST, 91405 Orsay, France
Cyprien Morize*
Affiliation:
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire FAST, 91405 Orsay, France
Robin Henaff
Affiliation:
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire FAST, 91405 Orsay, France
Yann Bertho
Affiliation:
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire FAST, 91405 Orsay, France
Alban Sauret
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
Philippe Gondret
Affiliation:
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire FAST, 91405 Orsay, France
*
†Email address for correspondence: cyprien.morize@universite-paris-saclay.fr
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Abstract

The generation of a tsunami wave by an aerial landslide is investigated through model laboratory experiments. We examine the collapse of an initially dry column of grains into a shallow water layer and the subsequent generation of waves. The experiments show that the collective entry of the granular material into water governs the wave generation process. We observe that the amplitude of the wave relative to the water height scales linearly with the Froude number based on the horizontal velocity of the moving granular front relative to the wave velocity. For all the different parameters considered here, the aspect ratio and the volume of the column, the diameter and density of the grains, and the height of the water, the granular collapse acts like a moving piston displacing the water. We also highlight that the density of the falling grains has a negligible influence on the wave amplitude, which suggests that the volume of grains entering the water is the relevant parameter in the wave generation.

JFM classification

Granular media: Granular media Geophysical and Geological Flows: Coastal engineering Waves/Free-surface Flows: Solitary waves

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JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 907 , 25 January 2021 , A11
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© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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