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Hydrodynamics of self-propulsion near a boundary: predictions and accuracy of far-field approximations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2012

Saverio E. Spagnolie  and
Eric Lauga
Saverio E. Spagnolie*
Affiliation:
School of Engineering, Brown University, 182 Hope Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
Eric Lauga
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
*
†Email addresses for correspondence: Saverio_Spagnolie@brown.edu, elauga@ucsd.edu
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Abstract

The swimming trajectories of self-propelled organisms or synthetic devices in a viscous fluid can be altered by hydrodynamic interactions with nearby boundaries. We explore a multipole description of swimming bodies and provide a general framework for studying the fluid-mediated modifications to swimming trajectories. A general axisymmetric swimmer is described as a linear combination of fundamental solutions to the Stokes equations: a Stokeslet dipole, a source dipole, a Stokeslet quadrupole, and a rotlet dipole. The effects of nearby walls or stress-free surfaces on swimming trajectories are described through the contribution of each singularity, and we address the question of how accurately this multipole approach captures the wall effects observed in full numerical solutions of the Stokes equations. The reduced model is used to provide simple but accurate predictions of the wall-induced attraction and pitching dynamics for model Janus particles, ciliated organisms, and bacteria-like polar swimmers. Transitions in attraction and pitching behaviour as functions of body geometry and propulsive mechanism are described. The reduced model may help to explain a number of recent experimental results.

JFM classification

Low-Reynolds-number flows: Low-Reynolds-number flows Biological Fluid Dynamics: Micro-organism dynamics Biological Fluid Dynamics: Swimming/flying
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 700 , 10 June 2012 , pp. 105 - 147
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

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