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Nonlinear dynamics and synthetic-jet-based control of a canonical separated flow

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2010

RUPESH B. KOTAPATI ,
RAJAT MITTAL ,
OLAF MARXEN ,
FRANK HAM ,
DONGHYUN YOU  and
LOUIS N. CATTAFESTA III
RUPESH B. KOTAPATI
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
RAJAT MITTAL*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
OLAF MARXEN
Affiliation:
Centre for Turbulence Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
FRANK HAM
Affiliation:
Centre for Turbulence Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
DONGHYUN YOU
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
LOUIS N. CATTAFESTA III
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
*
‡Present address: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. Email address for correspondence: mittal@jhu.edu
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Abstract

A novel flow configuration devised for investigation of active control of separated airfoil flows using synthetic jets is presented. The configuration consists of a flat plate, with an elliptic leading edge and a blunt trailing edge, at zero incidence in a free stream. Flow separation is induced on the upper surface of the airfoil at the aft-chord location by applying suction and blowing on the top boundary of the computational domain. Typical separated airfoil flows are generally characterized by at least three distinct frequency scales corresponding to the shear layer instability, the unsteadiness of the separated region and the vortex shedding in the wake, and all these features are present in the current flow. Two-dimensional Navier–Stokes simulations of this flow at a chord Reynolds number of 6 × 104 have been carried out to examine the nonlinear dynamics in this flow and its implications for synthetic-jet-based separation control. The results show that there is a strong nonlinear coupling between the various features of the flow, and that the uncontrolled as well as the forced flow is characterized by a variety of ‘lock-on’ states that result from this nonlinear coupling. The most effective separation control is found to occur at the highest forcing frequency for which both the shear layer and the separated region lock on to the forcing frequency. The effects of the Reynolds number on the scaling of the characteristic frequencies of the separated flow and its subsequent control are studied by repeating some of the simulations at a higher Reynolds number of 1 × 105.

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Papers
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Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 654 , 10 July 2010 , pp. 65 - 97
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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Footnotes

†

Present address: Exa Corporation, 55 Network Drive, Burlington, MA 01803, USA.

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