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On the interaction between a turbulent open channel flow and an axial-flow turbine

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 January 2013

L. P. Chamorro ,
C. Hill ,
S. Morton ,
C. Ellis ,
R. E. A. Arndt  and
F. Sotiropoulos
L. P. Chamorro
Affiliation:
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
C. Hill
Affiliation:
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
S. Morton
Affiliation:
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
C. Ellis
Affiliation:
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
R. E. A. Arndt
Affiliation:
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
F. Sotiropoulos*
Affiliation:
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: fotis@umn.edu
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Abstract

A laboratory experiment was performed to study the dynamically rich interaction of a turbulent open channel flow with a bed-mounted axial-flow hydrokinetic turbine. An acoustic Doppler velocimeter and a torque transducer were used to simultaneously measure at high temporal resolution the three velocity components of the flow at various locations upstream of the turbine and in the wake region and turbine power, respectively. Results show that for sufficiently low frequencies the instantaneous power generated by the turbine is modulated by the turbulent structure of the approach flow. The critical frequency above which the response of the turbine is decoupled from the turbulent flow structure is shown to vary linearly with the angular frequency of the rotor. The measurements elucidate the structure of the turbulent turbine wake, which is shown to persist for at least fifteen rotor diameters downstream of the rotor, and a new approach is proposed to quantify the wake recovery, based on the growth of the largest scale motions in the flow. Spectral analysis is employed to demonstrate the dominant effect of the tip vortices in the energy distribution in the near-wake region and uncover meandering motions.

JFM classification

Waves/Free-surface Flows: Channel flow Waves/Free-surface Flows: Hydraulics Waves/Free-surface Flows: Waves/Free-surface Flows

Information

Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 716 , 10 February 2013 , pp. 658 - 670
Copyright
©2013 Cambridge University Press

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