Hostname: page-component-7f64f4797f-6fdxz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-11-04T14:25:59.270Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Signature of large-scale motions on turbulent/non-turbulent interface in boundary layers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 April 2017

Jin Lee ,
Hyung Jin Sung Open the ORCID record for Hyung Jin Sung [Opens in a new window]  and
Tamer A. Zaki Open the ORCID record for Tamer A. Zaki [Opens in a new window]
Jin Lee
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
Hyung Jin Sung
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
Tamer A. Zaki*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: t.zaki@jhu.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The effect of large-scale motions (LSMs) on the turbulent/non-turbulent (T/NT) interface is examined in a turbulent boundary layer. Using flow fields from direct numerical simulation, the shape of the interface and near-interface statistics are evaluated conditional on the position of the LSM. The T/NT interface is identified using the vorticity magnitude and a streak detection algorithm is adopted to identify and track the LSMs. Two-point correlation and spectral analysis of variations in the interface height show that the spatial undulation of the interface is longer in streamwise wavelength than the boundary-layer thickness, and grows with the Reynolds number in a similar manner to the LSMs. The average variation in the interface height was evaluated conditional on the position of the LSMs. The result provides statistical evidence that the interface is locally modulated by the LSMs in both the streamwise and spanwise directions. The modulation is different when the coherent structure is high- versus low-speed motion: high-speed structures lead to a wedge-shaped deformation of the T/NT interface, which causes an anti-correlation between the angles of the interface and the internal shear layer. On the other hand, low-speed structures are correlated with crests in the interface. Finally, the sudden changes in turbulence statistics across the interface are in line with the changes in the population of low-speed structures, which consist of slower mean streamwise velocity and stronger turbulence than the high-speed counterparts.

JFM classification

Turbulent Flows: Intermittency Turbulent Flows: Turbulence simulation Turbulent Flows: Turbulent boundary layers

Information

Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 819 , 25 May 2017 , pp. 165 - 187
Check for updates
Copyright
© 2017 Cambridge University Press 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Adrian, R. J. 2007 Hairpin vortex organization in wall turbulence. Phys. Fluids 19 (4), 041301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adrian, R. J., Meinhart, C. D. & Tomkins, C. D. 2000 Vortex organization in the outer region of the turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech. 422, 1–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bisset, D. K., Hunt, J. C. & Rogers, M. M. 2002 The turbulent/non-turbulent interface bounding a far wake. J. Fluid Mech. 451, 383–410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Borrell, G. & Jiménez, J. 2016 Properties of the turbulent/non-turbulent interface in boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 801, 554–596.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chauhan, K., Philip, J. & Marusic, I. 2014a Scaling of the turbulent/non-turbulent interface in boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 751, 298–328.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chauhan, K., Philip, J., de Silva, C. M., Hutchins, N. & Marusic, I. 2014b The turbulent/non-turbulent interface and entrainment in a boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech. 742, 119–151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christensen, K. T. & Adrian, R. J. 2001 Statistical evidence of hairpin vortex packets in wall turbulence. J. Fluid Mech. 431, 433–443.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chung, D. & McKeon, B. J. 2010 Large-eddy simulation of large-scale structures in long channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 661, 341–364.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corrsin, S. & Kistler, A. L. 1955 Free-Stream Boundaries of Turbulent Flows. NACA.Google Scholar
Dennis, D. J. C. & Nickels, T. B. 2011 Experimental measurement of large-scale three-dimensional structures in a turbulent boundary layer. Part 2. Long structures. J. Fluid Mech. 673, 218–244.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eisma, J., Westerweel, J., Ooms, G. & Elsinga, G. E. 2015 Interfaces and internal layers in a turbulent boundary layer. Phys. Fluids 27 (5), 055103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ganapathisubramani, B., Hutchins, N., Hambleton, W. T., Longmire, E. K. & Marusic, I. 2005 Investigation of large-scale coherence in a turbulent boundary layer using two-point correlations. J. Fluid Mech. 524 (1), 57–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ganapathisubramani, B., Longmire, E. K. & Marusic, I. 2003 Characteristics of vortex packets in turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 478, 35–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hack, M. J. P. & Zaki, T. A. 2014 Streak instabilities in boundary layers beneath free-stream turbulence. J. Fluid Mech. 741, 280–315.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hwang, J., Lee, J., Sung, H. J. & Zaki, T. A. 2016 Inner-outer interactions of large-scale structures in turbulent channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 790, 128–157.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ishihara, T., Ogasawara, H. & Hunt, J. C. 2015 Analysis of conditional statistics obtained near the turbulent/non-turbulent interface of turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluids Struct. 53, 50–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jahanbakhshi, R. & Madnia, C. K. 2016 Entrainment in a compressible turbulent shear layer. J. Fluid Mech. 797, 564–603.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jahanbakhshi, R., Vaghefi, N. S. & Madnia, C. K. 2015 Baroclinic vorticity generation near the turbulent/non-turbulent interface in a compressible shear layer. Phys. Fluids 27 (10), 105105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jiménez, J., Hoyas, S., Simens, M. P. & Mizuno, Y. 2010 Turbulent boundary layers and channels at moderate Reynolds numbers. J. Fluid Mech. 657, 335–360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jung, S. Y. & Zaki, T. A. 2015 The effect of a low-viscosity near-wall film on bypass transition in boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 772, 330–360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kong, H., Choi, H. & Lee, J. S. 2000 Direct numerical simulation of turbulent thermal boundary layers. Phys. Fluids 12 (10), 2555–2568.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kwon, Y. S., Hutchins, N. & Monty, J. P. 2016 On the use of the Reynolds decomposition in the intermittent region of turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 794, 5–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kwon, Y. S., Philip, J., de Silva, C. M., Hutchins, N. & Monty, J. P. 2014 The quiescent core of turbulent channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 751, 228–254.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, J., Ahn, J. & Sung, H. J. 2015 Comparison of large- and very-large-scale motions in turbulent pipe and channel flows. Phys. Fluids 27 (2), 011502.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, J., Jung, S. Y., Sung, H. J. & Zaki, T. A. 2013 Effect of wall heating on turbulent boundary layers with temperature-dependent viscosity. J. Fluid Mech. 726, 196–225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, J., Lee, J. H., Choi, J.-I. & Sung, H. J. 2014 Spatial organization of large-and very-large-scale motions in a turbulent channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 749, 818–840.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lozano-Durán, A., Flores, O. & Jiménez, J. 2012 The three-dimensional structure of momentum transfer in turbulent channels. J. Fluid Mech. 694, 100–130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Min, T. & Kim, J. 2004 Effects of hydrophobic surface on skin-friction drag. Phys. Fluids 16 (7), L55–L58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nolan, K. P. & Zaki, T. A. 2013 Conditional sampling of transitional boundary layers in pressure gradients. J. Fluid Mech. 728, 306–339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosenfeld, M., Kwak, D. & Vinokur, M. 1991 A fractional step solution method for the unsteady incompressible Navier–Stokes equations in generalized coordinate systems. J. Comput. Phys. 94 (1), 102–137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schlatter, P. & Örlü, R. 2010 Assessment of direct numerical simulation data of turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 659, 116–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schlatter, P. & Örlü, R. 2012 Turbulent boundary layers at moderate Reynolds numbers: inflow length and tripping effects. J. Fluid Mech. 710, 5–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schlatter, P., Örlü, R., Li, Q., Brethouwer, G., Fransson, J. H. M., Johansson, A. V., Alfredsson, P. H. & Henningson, D. S. 2009 Turbulent boundary layers up to Re 𝜃 = 2500 studied through simulation and experiment. Phys. Fluids 21 (5), 51702.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sillero, J. A., Jiménez, J. & Moser, R. D. 2014 Two-point statistics for turbulent boundary layers and channels at Reynolds numbers up to 𝛿+ ≈ 2000. Phys. Fluids 26 (10), 105109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
da Silva, C. B., Hunt, J. C. R., Eames, I. & Westerweel, J. 2014 Interfacial layers between regions of different turbulence intensity. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 46, 567–590.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de Silva, C. M., Hutchins, N. & Marusic, I. 2016 Uniform momentum zones in turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 786, 309–331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de Silva, C. M., Philip, J., Chauhan, K., Meneveau, C. & Marusic, I. 2013 Multiscale geometry and scaling of the turbulent-nonturbulent interface in high Reynolds number boundary layers. Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 1–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Townsend, A. A. 1976 The Structure of Turbulent Shear Flow. Cambridge University press.Google Scholar
Vinuesa, R., Bobke, A., Örlü, R. & Schlatter, P. 2016 On determining characteristic length scales in pressure-gradient turbulent boundary layers. Phys. Fluids 28 (5), 055101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wallace, J. M. 2016 Quadrant analysis in turbulence research: history and evolution. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 48, 131–158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zaki, T. A. 2013 From streaks to spots and on to turbulence: exploring the dynamics of boundary layer transition. Flow Turbul. Combust. 91 (3), 451–473.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Lee et al. supplementary material

Isosurfaces of: (a) the T/NT interface ($|\omega|^*_{th} = 0.2$) and (b) interface envelope. (c) Original fluctuating velocity field with $u' = -0.1 U_\infty$ (blue) and $0.1 U_\infty$ (red). (d) Detected cores for low- (blue) and high-speed (red) large-scale motions. Isosurfaces are coloured by wall-normal distance.

Download Lee et al. supplementary material(Video)
Video 2.1 MB

Lee et al. supplementary material

Large-scale deformation of the turbulent/non-turbulent interface (white) and the underlying large-scale turbulent motions. Blue and red represent the low- and high-speed structures, respectively.

Download Lee et al. supplementary material(Video)
Video 1.8 MB