Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-wzw2p Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-15T17:17:59.642Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Acoustics of turbulent flows: a report on Euromech 142

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 April 2006

M. Sunyach
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides, Associé au CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 69130 Ecully, France
D. Juvé
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides, Associé au CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 69130 Ecully, France
G. Comte-Bellot
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides, Associé au CNRS, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 69130 Ecully, France

Abstract

The European Mechanics Colloquium, Euromech 142, ww held at the Ecole Centrale de Lyon from 23 to 26 September 1981 and WM attended by 70 participants, from 9 countries, active in the fields of (i) sound production by turbulent flows and (ii) the effects of flow and turbulence on the propagation of acoustic waves. For topic (i), attention was mostly paid to shear-layer and jet instabilities and to the flow-surface interaction of flexible boundaries, vibrating blades and rigid thick airfoils. Applications were concerned in particular with propeller noise and airframe self-noise of large aircraft. Impinging shear layers were also considered for single and multiple cavities in which self-sustained oscillations can occur. Another subject discussed at the meeting was the noise from inhomogeneities, with applications to flames. For topic (ii), theoretical formulations were presented for the far field of moving multipole sources in the presence of flow and for sound propagation in ducts of variable cross section, with flow, for frequencies around the cut-off. The effect of turbulence was investigated in terms of the space–time coherence of the transmitted pressure fields. Broadband active sound control in the presence of flow was also considered, with emphasis on the progress made possible by use of digital filters. Finally, new experimental techniques, such as acoustic intensity measurements, were presented and large anechoic wind tunnels and other acoustic facilities were described.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© 1982 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Amiet, R. K. 1975 Acoustic radiation from an airfoil in a turbulent stream. J. Sound Vib. 41, 407420.Google Scholar
Amiet, R. K. 1976 Noise due to turbulent flow past a trailing edge. J. Sound Vib. 47, 387393.Google Scholar
Amiet, R. K. 1981 A note on edge noise theories. J. Sound Vib. 78, 485488.Google Scholar
Arbey, H. 1981 Contribution à l’étude des mécanismes de l’émission sonore de profils aérodynamiques placés dans les écoulements sains ou perturbés. Thèse Doct. Etat, Univ. Lyon.
Arbey, H., Delcambre, J., Moreau, M., Pargamin, L. & Parot, J. M. 1981 Les bruits éoliens des lignes électriques. In Proc. Int. Conf. on Large High Voltage Electric Systems. Stockholm.
Baxter, S. M. & Morfey, C. L. 1981 Modal power distribution in ducts at high frequencies. A.I.A.A. Paper no. 81–2013.
Bechert, D. W. & Hussain, A. K. M. F. 1982 On the excitation of stability waves in free shear layers. J. Fluid Mech. (to be submitted).Google Scholar
Bechert, D. G. & Michel, U. 1975 The control of a thin free shear layer with and without a semi-infinite plate by a pulsating flow. Acustica 33, 287307.Google Scholar
Benarrous, E. & Chamant, M. 1981 Antenne acoustique, soustractive de turbulence. Patent n 81–22 453.
Blanc-Benon, Ph. & Juvé, D. 1981a Effet d'un jet turbulent sur le niveau de l'onde cohérente et sur l'intensité d'un faisceau acoustique. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 293 (11), 493–496.Google Scholar
Blanc-Benon, Ph. & Juvé, D. 1981b Elargissement spectral d'un faisceau ultra-sonore par traversée d'un champ turbulent. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 293 (11), 551–554.Google Scholar
Blanc-Benon, Ph. & Juvé, D. 1982a Cohérence spatiale d'un faisceau ultra-sonore après traversée d'une turbulence cinématique. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris (in press).
Blanc-Benon, Ph. & Juvé, D. 1982b Corrélations spatio-temporelles d'un faisceau acoustique après traversée d'une turbulence cinématique. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris (in press).
Blumstein, S. E. & Stevens, K. N. 1979 Acoustic invariance in speech production: evidence from measurements of the spectral characteristics of stop consonants. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 66, 10011017.Google Scholar
Bonnet, C. M. T. & Fisher, M. J. 1979 Correlation techniques and modal decomposition analysis for the detection of azimuthally coherent structures in jet flows. J. Sound Vib. 66, 545555.Google Scholar
Brocher, E. & Gondran, J. P. 1981 Instability and acoustic emission of supersonic over expanded jets. Jahresbericht der D.G.L.R. Paper no. 20.
Brooks, T. F. & Hodgson, T. H. 1981 Trailing edge noise prediction using measured surface pressures. J. Sound Vib. 77, 69117.Google Scholar
Campos, L. M. B. C. 1982 On the propagation of sound in non-uniform low-Mach-number nozzle flows. J. Fluid Mech. (submitted).Google Scholar
Candel, S. M. 1975 Acoustic conservation principles and an application to plane and modal propagation in nozzles and diffusers. J. Sound Vib. 41, 207232.Google Scholar
Chamant, M. 1981 Conception d'une sonde destinée à la mesure de l'intensité acoustique dans un fluide en mouvement. Thèse de 3ème cycle, Univ. Lyon.
Chan, Y. Y. 1974 Spatial waves in turbulent jets. Phys. Fluids 17, 16671670.Google Scholar
Dahan, C. 1976 Emission acoustique de structures cohérentes dans un jet turbulent. Publ. ONERA 1976–4 (also thèse Univ. Paris VI).
Davies, P. O. A. L. 1981 Flow acoustic coupling in ducts. J. Sound Vib. 77, 191209.Google Scholar
De Metz, F. C. & Farabee, T. M. 1977 Laminar and turbulent shear flow induced cavity resonances. A.I.A.A. Paper no. 77–1293.
Dowling, A. P., Ffowcs Williams, J. E. & Goldstein, M. E. 1978 Sound production in a moving stream. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 288, 321349.Google Scholar
Elliott, S. J. & Thompson, J. K. 1981 Errors in acoustic intensity measurements (letter to the editor and author's reply). J. Sound Vib. 78, 439445.Google Scholar
Fahy, F. J. 1977 Measurement of acoustic intensity using the cross-spectral density of two microphone signals. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 62, 10571059.Google Scholar
Ffowcs Williams, J. E. 1965 Surface pressure fluctuations induced by boundary layer flow at finite Mach number. J. Fluid Mech. 22, 507519.Google Scholar
Ffowcs Williams, J. E. 1977 Aeroacoustics. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 9, 447468.Google Scholar
Goldstein, M. E. 1979 Scattering and distortion of the unsteady motion on transversely sheared mean flows. J. Fluid Mech. 91, 601632.Google Scholar
Grosche, F. R. & Stiewitt, H. 1978 Investigation of rotor noise source mechanisms with forward speed simulation. A.I.A.A.J. 16, 12551261.Google Scholar
Hardin, J. C. 1976 Airframe self-noise. Four years of research. NASA TM X-73908 (also AGARD LS 80, 1977–6. 19).
Howe, M. S. 1975 The generation of sound by aerodynamic sources in an inhomogeneous steady flow. J. Fluid Mech. 67, 597610.Google Scholar
Howe, M. S. 1978 A review of the theory of trailing edge noise. J. Sound Vib. 61, 437465.Google Scholar
Howe, M. S. 1981a The influence of mean shear on unsteady aperture flow, with application to acoustical diffraction and self-sustained cavity oscillations. J. Fluid Mech. 109, 125146.Google Scholar
Howe, M. S. 1981b On the theory of unsteady shearing flow over a slot. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A. 303, 151180.Google Scholar
Hussain, A. K. M. F. & Zaman, K. B. M. Q. 1980 Vortex pairing in a circular jet under controlled excitation. Part 2. Coherent structure dynamics. J. Fluid Mech. 101, 493544.Google Scholar
Ishimaru, A. 1978 Wave Propagation and Scattering in Random Media, vol. 2. Academic.
Janicka, J. & Lumley, J. L. 1981 Second-order modeling in non-constant density flows. Cornell University, Sibley School, Mech. & Aerospace Engng Rep. FDA-81–01.Google Scholar
Juvé, D. & Roland, P. 1981 Bruit des structures tourbillonnaires excitées. Ecole Centrale de Lyon, Rep. DRET 80–059(3).Google Scholar
Juvé, D. & Sunyach, M. 1979 Radiation properties of a turbulent jet excited by a sinusoidal acoustic disturbance. In Proc. IUTAM/ICA/AIAA Symp., Mechanics of Sound Generation in Flows, Göttingen (ed. E.-A. Müller), pp. 3440. Springer.
Juvé, D. & Sunyach, M. 1981 Near and far field azimuthal correlations for excited jets. A.I.A.A. Paper no. 81–2011.Google Scholar
Juvé, D., Sunyach, M. & Comte-Bellot, G. 1979 Filtered azimuthal correlations in the acoustic far field of a subsonic jet. A.I.A.A. J. 17, 112114.Google Scholar
Kempton, A. J. 1977 Acoustic scattering by density gradients. J. Fluid Mech. 83, 495508.Google Scholar
Kibens, V. 1979 On the role of vortex pairing in jet noise generation. In Proc. IUTAM/ICA/AIAA Symp. Mechanism of Sound Generation in Flows, Göttingen (ed. E.-A. Müller), pp. 174180. Springer.
Krishnappa, G. 1981 Cross-spectral method of measuring acoustic intensity by correcting phase and gain mismatch errors by microphone calibration. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 69, 307310.Google Scholar
Liepmann, H. W. 1954 On the acoustic radiation from boundary layers on jets. Rep. Guggenheim. Aero. Lab. Pasadena.
Lighthill, M. J. 1978 Waves in Fluids. Cambridge University Press.
Michalke, A. & Hermann, G. 1982 On the inviscid instability of a circular jet with external flow. J. Fluid Mech. 114, 343359.Google Scholar
Michalke, A. & Michel, U. 1979 Prediction of jet noise in flight from static tests. J. Sound Vib. 67, 341367.Google Scholar
Michel, U. & Michalke, A. 1981 Prediction of fly-over jet noise spectra. A.I.A.A. Paper no. 81–2025.
Moore, C. J. 1977 The role of shear-layer instability waves in jet exhaust noise. J. Fluid Mech. 80, 321367.Google Scholar
Orszag, S. A. & Crow, S. C. 1970 Instability of a vortex sheet leaving a semi-infinite flat plate. Stud. Appl. Math. 49, 167181.Google Scholar
Parker, R. 1967 Resonance effects in wake shedding from parallel planes: calculation of resonant frequencies. J. Sound Vib. 5, 330343.Google Scholar
Pavic, G. 1977 Measurement of sound intensity. J. Sound Vib. 51, 533545.Google Scholar
Rebuffet, P. & Guedel, A. 1981 Tests on 8/100th scale model for the definition of the collector and convergent of CEPRA 19 (Anechoic open jet wind tunnel). A.I.A.A. Paper no. 81–1989.
Reethof, G. 1978 Turbulence generated noise in pipe flow. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 10, 333367.Google Scholar
Rockwell, D. 1982 Oscillations of impinging shear layers. Invited Lecture, 20th A.I.A.A. Aerospace Sci. Meeting, 11–13 January. A.I.A.A. Paper no. 82–0047.
Rockwell, D. & Knisely, C. 1979 The organized nature of flow impingement upon a corner. J. Fluid Mech. 93, 413432.Google Scholar
Rockwell, D. & Naudascher, E. 1979 Self-sustained oscillations of impinging free shear layers. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 11, 6794.Google Scholar
Ronneberger, D. & Ackermann, U. 1979 Experiments on sound radiation due to non-linear interaction of instability waves in a turbulent jet. J. Sound Vib. 62, 121129.Google Scholar
Ronneberger, D. & Ahrens, C. D. 1977 Wall shear stress caused by small amplitude perturbations of turbulent boundary layer flows: an experimental investigation. J. Fluid Mech. 83, 433464.Google Scholar
Ross, C. F. 1982 An algorithm for designing a broadband active sound control system. J. Sound Vib. 80, 373380.Google Scholar
Rybak, B. 1980 Turbulence phonatoire externe. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris 291 D, 533–535.Google Scholar
Sarin, S. L. & de Wolf, W. B. 1981 Jet noise suppression for low bypass engines. Have we reached a dead end? In Proc. 5th Int. Symp. on Airbreathing Engines, Bangalore, India, Preprint no. 18.
Sava, P. G. & Smigielski, P. 1976 Dispositif d’étude expérimentale des sources de bruit dans un jet d'air par la mesure directe du dalembertien de la masse volumique. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris 282 B. 267–269.Google Scholar
Schaffar, M. & Hancy, J. P. 1982 Investigation of the noise emitting zones of a cold jet via causality correlations. J. Sound Vib. 81 (in press).Google Scholar
Shivashankara, B. N., Strahle, W. C. & Handley, J. C. 1973 Combustion noise radiation by open turbulent flames. A.I.A.A. Paper no. 73–1025.
Smith, T. J. B. & Kilham, J. K. 1963 Noise generation by open turbulent flames. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 35, 715724.Google Scholar
Tam, C. K. W. 1972 On the noise of a nearly ideally expanded supersonic jet. J. Fluid Mech. 51, 6995.Google Scholar
Tam, C. K. W. 1975 Supersonic jet noise generated by large scale disturbances. J. Sound Vib. 38, 5179.Google Scholar
Tatarski, V. I. 1971 The Effects of Turbulent Atmosphere on Wave Propagation. Jerusalem: IPST Keter Press.
Thompson, J. K. & Tree, D. R. 1981 Finite difference approximation errors in acoustic intensity measurements. J. Sound Vib. 75, 229238.Google Scholar
Ville, J. M. 1977 Définition et réalisation d'un simulateur de modes tournants. Thèse de 3ème Cycle, Univ. Lille.
Webster, R. B. 1970 Jet noise simulation on shallow water. J. Fluid Mech. 40, 423432.Google Scholar
White, K. C., Lasagna, P. L. & Putnam, T. W. 1976 Preliminary measurements of aircraft airframe noise with the NASA CV 990 aircraft. NASA TM X-73116.