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Axisymmetric jet manipulated using two unsteady minijets

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 November 2016

H. Yang  and
Y. Zhou
H. Yang
Affiliation:
Institute for Turbulence-Noise-Vibration Interactions and Control, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Y. Zhou*
Affiliation:
Institute for Turbulence-Noise-Vibration Interactions and Control, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China Digital Engineering Laboratory of Offshore Equipment, Shenzhen, China
*
†Email address for correspondence: zhouyu@hitsz.edu.cn
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Abstract

The manipulation of a turbulent axisymmetric jet is experimentally investigated based on two unsteady radial minijets. The Reynolds number is 8000. The mass flow rate ratio $C_{m}$ of the two minijets to that of the main jet and the ratio $f_{e}/f_{0}^{\prime }$ of the excitation frequency $f_{e}$ to the preferred-mode frequency $f_{0}^{\prime }$ in the natural jet are examined. The decay rate $K$ of the jet centreline mean velocity exhibits a strong dependence on $C_{m}$ and $f_{e}/f_{0}^{\prime }$ and is classified into three distinct categories in terms of required $C_{m}$, achievable enhancement in $K$ and flow physics involved. Great effort is made to understand the flow physics associated with the first category of the manipulated jet, under which $K$ can be immensely improved with a very small $C_{m}$. Detailed measurements are conducted upstream and downstream of the nozzle exit using hot-wire, flow visualization and particle imaging velocimetry techniques. Whilst strong entrainment is predominant in the injection plane of the minijets, rapid spread occurs in the orthogonal non-injection plane. Three types of coherent structures are identified, i.e. the contorted ring vortex, two pairs of streamwise vortices and mushroom-like counter-rotating structures sequentially ‘tossed’ out radially in the non-injection plane. Their interactions account for the large rise in $K$. The unsteady disturbance of the minijets is found to play a key role in the formation and interaction of these vortices, which are distinct from those formed under the manipulation of steady minijets and other techniques. A conceptual model of the flow structure under manipulation is proposed.

JFM classification

Flow Control: Flow Control Wakes/Jets: Jets Flow Control: Mixing enhancement
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 808 , 10 December 2016 , pp. 362 - 396
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Copyright
© 2016 Cambridge University Press 

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