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CO2 migration in saline aquifers. Part 2. Capillary and solubility trapping

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 October 2011

C. W. MacMinn ,
M. L. Szulczewski  and
R. Juanes
C. W. MacMinn
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
M. L. Szulczewski
Affiliation:
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
R. Juanes*
Affiliation:
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: juanes@mit.edu
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Abstract

The large-scale injection of carbon dioxide (CO2) into saline aquifers is a promising tool for reducing atmospheric CO2 emissions to mitigate climate change. An accurate assessment of the post-injection migration and trapping of the buoyant plume of CO2 is essential for estimates of storage capacity and security, but these physical processes are not fully understood. In Part 1 of this series, we presented a complete solution to a theoretical model for the migration and capillary trapping of a plume of CO2 in a confined, sloping aquifer with a natural groundwater through-flow. Here, we incorporate solubility trapping, where CO2 from the buoyant plume dissolves into the ambient brine via convective mixing. We develop semi-analytical solutions to the model in two limiting cases: when the water beneath the plume saturates with dissolved CO2 very slowly or very quickly (‘instantaneously’) relative to plume motion. We show that solubility trapping can greatly slow the speed at which the plume advances, and we derive an explicit analytical expression for the position of the nose of the plume as a function of time. We then study the competition between capillary and solubility trapping, and the impact of solubility trapping on the storage efficiency, a macroscopic measure of plume migration. We show that solubility trapping can increase the storage efficiency by several-fold, even when the fraction of CO2 trapped by solubility trapping is small.

JFM classification

Geophysical and Geological Flows: Gravity currents Low-Reynolds-number flows: Porous media

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Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 688 , 10 December 2011 , pp. 321 - 351
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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