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Dynamics of a sessile drop in forced vibration

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 August 2007

BOJAN VUKASINOVIC ,
MARC K. SMITH  and
ARI GLEZER
BOJAN VUKASINOVIC
Affiliation:
Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0405, USA
MARC K. SMITH
Affiliation:
Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0405, USA
ARI GLEZER
Affiliation:
Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0405, USA
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Abstract

The interfacial dynamics of a sessile water drop was investigated experimentally. The low-viscosity drop was forced by an underlying diaphragm driven vertically by a piezoelectric actuator. This high-frequency forcing produced very low diaphragm displacements, even at high acceleration amplitudes. As the driving amplitude was increased from zero, the drop exhibited several transitions to states of increasing spatio-temporal complexity. The first state of the forced drop consisted of harmonic axisymmetric standing waves that were present for even the smallest diaphragm motion. Wave modes up to 14 were observed an compared to theoretical results. As the forcing amplitude increased above a critical value, a parametrically driven instability occurred that resulted in the appearance of subharmonic azimuthal waves along the contact line. The critical accelerations and the resulting wavenumbers of the azimuthal waves were documented. For larger values of the forcing amplitude, the subharmonic azimuthal waves coupled with the harmonic axisymmetric waves to produce a striking new lattice-like wave pattern. With a further increase in the forcing amplitude, the lattice mode disappeared and the interface evolved into a highly disordered state, dominated by subharmonic wave motion. The characteristics of the lattice and pre-ejection modes were documented with phase-locked measurements and spectral analysis. Finally, as the forcing amplitude increased above another critical value, the interface broke up via droplet ejection from individual wave crests.

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Papers
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Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 587 , 25 September 2007 , pp. 395 - 423
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2007

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