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Fluid pipes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 September 2002

MATTHEW J. HANCOCK
Affiliation:
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
JOHN W. M. BUSH
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

Abstract

We present the results of a combined theoretical and experimental investigation of laminar vertical jets impinging on a deep fluid reservoir. We consider the parameter regime where, in a pure water system, the jet is characterized by a stationary field of capillary waves at its base. When the reservoir is contaminated by surfactant, the base of the jet is void of capillary waves, cylindrical and quiescent: water enters the reservoir as if through a rigid pipe. A theoretical description of the resulting fluid pipe is deduced by matching extensional plug flow upstream of the pipe onto entry pipe flow within it. Theoretical predictions for the pipe height are found to be in excellent accord with our experimental results. An analogous theoretical description of the planar fluid pipe expected to arise on a falling fluid sheet is presented.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© 2002 Cambridge University Press

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