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A hierarchical random additive model for passive scalars in wall-bounded flows at high Reynolds numbers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2018

Xiang I. A. Yang Open the ORCID record for Xiang I. A. Yang [Opens in a new window]  and
Mahdi Abkar Open the ORCID record for Mahdi Abkar [Opens in a new window]
Xiang I. A. Yang
Affiliation:
Center for Turbulence Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Penn State University, State College, PA 16801, USA
Mahdi Abkar*
Affiliation:
Center for Turbulence Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
*
†Email address for correspondence: abkar@eng.au.dk
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Abstract

The kinematics of a fully developed passive scalar is modelled using the hierarchical random additive process (HRAP) formalism. Here, ‘a fully developed passive scalar’ refers to a scalar field whose instantaneous fluctuations are statistically stationary, and the ‘HRAP formalism’ is a recently proposed interpretation of the Townsend attached eddy hypothesis. The HRAP model was previously used to model the kinematics of velocity fluctuations in wall turbulence: $u=\sum _{i=1}^{N_{z}}a_{i}$, where the instantaneous streamwise velocity fluctuation at a generic wall-normal location $z$ is modelled as a sum of additive contributions from wall-attached eddies ($a_{i}$) and the number of addends is $N_{z}\sim \log (\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}/z)$. The HRAP model admits generalized logarithmic scalings including $\langle \unicode[STIX]{x1D719}^{2}\rangle \sim \log (\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}/z)$, $\langle \unicode[STIX]{x1D719}(x)\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}(x+r_{x})\rangle \sim \log (\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}/r_{x})$, $\langle (\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}(x)-\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}(x+r_{x}))^{2}\rangle \sim \log (r_{x}/z)$, where $\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}$ is the streamwise velocity fluctuation, $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}$ is an outer length scale, $r_{x}$ is the two-point displacement in the streamwise direction and $\langle \cdot \rangle$ denotes ensemble averaging. If the statistical behaviours of the streamwise velocity fluctuation and the fluctuation of a passive scalar are similar, we can expect first that the above mentioned scalings also exist for passive scalars (i.e. for $\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}$ being fluctuations of scalar concentration) and second that the instantaneous fluctuations of a passive scalar can be modelled using the HRAP model as well. Such expectations are confirmed using large-eddy simulations. Hence the work here presents a framework for modelling scalar turbulence in high Reynolds number wall-bounded flows.

JFM classification

Turbulent Flows: Turbulent boundary layers Turbulent Flows: Turbulent Flows Turbulent Flows: Turbulence theory
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 842 , 10 May 2018 , pp. 354 - 380
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© 2018 Cambridge University Press 

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