Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-r6qrq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T21:03:32.704Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mode C flow transition behind a circular cylinder with a near-wake wire disturbance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 June 2013

I. Yildirim ,
C. C. M. Rindt  and
A. A. van Steenhoven
I. Yildirim
Affiliation:
Energy Technology Section, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
C. C. M. Rindt*
Affiliation:
Energy Technology Section, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
A. A. van Steenhoven
Affiliation:
Energy Technology Section, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
*
†Email address for correspondence: c.c.m.rindt@tue.nl
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The three-dimensional transition of the flow behind a circular cylinder with a near-wake wire disturbance has been investigated experimentally. The asymmetric placement of a wire in the near-wake region of the cylinder causes an unnatural mode of shedding to occur, namely mode C. We performed flow visualization and particle image velocimetry (PIV) experiments to investigate the influence of the wire on various properties of the flow, such as the dynamics of the streamwise secondary vortices. Experiments were performed at the Reynolds number range of Re = 165–300. From these experiments, it can be concluded that mode C structures are formed as secondary streamwise vortices around the primary von Kármán vortices. The spanwise wavelength of those mode C structures is determined to be approximately two cylinder diameters. The presence of the wire also triggered the occurrence of period doubling in the wake. Each new set of mode C structures is out of phase with the previous set, i.e. doubling the shedding period. This period-doubling phenomenon is due to a feedback mechanism between the consecutively shed upper vortices.

JFM classification

Vortex Flows: Vortex instability Vortex Flows: Vortex shedding Wakes/Jets: Wakes/Jets
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 727 , 25 July 2013 , pp. 30 - 55
Copyright
©2013 Cambridge University Press 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Barkley, D. & Henderson, R. 1996 Three-dimensional Floquet stability analysis of the wake of a circular cylinder. J. Fluid Mech. 322, 215–241.Google Scholar
Barkley, D., Tuckerman, L. S. & Golubitsky, M. 2000 Bifurcation theory for three-dimensional flow in the wake of a circular cylinder. Phys. Rev. E 61 (5), 5247–5252.Google Scholar
Blackburn, H. M., Marques, F. & Lopez, J. M. 2005 Symmetry breaking of two-dimensional time-periodic wakes. J. Fluid Mech. 522, 395–411.Google Scholar
Brede, M., Eckelmann, H. & Rockwell, D. 1996 On the secondary vortices in the cylinder wake. Phys. Fluids 8, 2117–2124.Google Scholar
Carmo, B. S., Sherwin, S. J., Bearman, P. W. & Willden, R. H. J. 2008 Wake transition in the flow around two circular cylinders in staggered arrangements. J. Fluid Mech. 597, 1–29.Google Scholar
Dipankar, A., Sengupta, T. & Talla, S. B. 2007 Suppression of vortex shedding behind a circular cylinder by another control cylinder at low Reynolds number. J. Fluid Mech. 573, 171–190.Google Scholar
Gerrard, J. H. 1966 The mechanics of the formation region of vortices behind bluff bodies. J. Fluid Mech. 25, 401–413.Google Scholar
Gerrard, J. H. 1978 The wakes of cylindrical bluff bodies at low Reynolds number. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A, Math. Phys. Sci. 288 (1354), 351–382.Google Scholar
Green, R. & Gerrard, J. 1993 Vorticity measurements in the near wake of a circular cylinder at low Reynolds numbers. J. Fluid Mech. 246, 675–691.Google Scholar
Henderson, R. D. 1996 Secondary instability in the wake of a circular cylinder. Phys. Fluids 8 (6), 1683–1685.Google Scholar
Henderson, R. D. 1997 Nonlinear dynamics and pattern formation in turbulent wake transition. J. Fluid Mech. 352, 65–112.Google Scholar
Honji, H., Taneda, S. & Tatsuno, M. 1980 Some practical details of the electrolytic precipitation method of flow visualization. Rep. Res. Inst. Appl. Maths 28, 83–89.Google Scholar
Karniadakis, G. E. & Triantafyllou, G. S. 1992 Three-dimensional dynamics and transition to turbulence in the wake of bluff objects. J. Fluid Mech. 238, 1–30.Google Scholar
Kieft, R. N., Rindt, C. C. M., van Steenhoven, A. A. & van Heijst, G. J. F. 2003 On the wake structure behind a heated horizontal cylinder in cross-flow. J. Fluid Mech. 486, 189–211.Google Scholar
Kuo, C. H., Chiou, L. C. & Chen, C. C. 2007 Wake flow pattern modified by small control cylinders at low Reynolds number. J. Fluids Struct. 23, 938–956.Google Scholar
Leweke, T. & Williamson, C. H. K. 1998 Three-dimensional instabilities in wake transition. Eur. J. Mech. (B/Fluids) 17 (4), 571–586.Google Scholar
Maas, W. J. P. M., Rindt, C. C. M. & van Steenhoven, A. A. 2003 The influence of heat on the 3D-transition of the von Kármán vortex street. Intl J. Heat Mass Transfer 46 (16), 3069–3081.Google Scholar
Marquet, O., Sipp, D. & Jacquin, L. 2008 Sensitivity analysis and passive control of cylinder flow. J. Fluid Mech. 615, 221–252.Google Scholar
Mittal, S. & Raghuvanshi, A. 2001 Control of vortex shedding behind circular cylinder for flows at low Reynolds numbers. Intl J. Numer. Meth. Fluids 35, 421–447.3.0.CO;2-M>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noack, B. R. & Eckelmann, H. 1994 A global stability analysis of the steady and periodic cylinder wake. J. Fluid Mech. 270, 297–330.Google Scholar
Ren, M., Rindt, C. C. M. & van Steenhoven, A. A. 2006 Three-dimensional transition of a water flow around a heated cylinder at $Re= 85$ and $Ri= 1. 0$. J. Fluid Mech. 566, 195–224.Google Scholar
Sheard, G. J., Thompson, M. C. & Hourigan, K. 2003 From spheres to circular cylinders: the stability and flow structures of bluff ring wakes. J. Fluid Mech. 492, 147–180.Google Scholar
Sheard, G. J., Thompson, M. C. & Hourigan, K. 2004 From spheres to circular cylinders: non-axisymmetric transitions in the flow past rings. J. Fluid Mech. 506, 45–78.Google Scholar
Sheard, G. J., Thompson, M. C. & Hourigan, K. 2005a Subharmonic mechanism of the mode C instability. Phys. Fluids 17 (111702).Google Scholar
Sheard, G. J., Thompson, M. C., Hourigan, K. & Leweke, T. 2005b The evolution of a subharmonic mode in a vortex street. J. Fluid Mech. 534, 23–38.Google Scholar
Strykowski, P. J. & Sreenivasan, K. R. 1990 On the formation and suppression of vortex shedding at low Reynolds numbers. J. Fluid Mech. 218, 71–107.Google Scholar
Thompson, M. C., Leweke, T. & Williamson, C. H. K. 2001 The physical mechanism of transition in bluff body wakes. J. Fluids Struct. 15, 607–616.Google Scholar
Unal, M. F. & Rockwell, D. 1988 On vortex formation from a cylinder. Part 1. The initial instability. J. Fluid Mech. 190, 491–512.Google Scholar
Williamson, C. H. K. 1992 The natural and forced formation of spot-like ‘vortex dislocations’ in the transition wake. J. Fluid Mech. 243, 393–441.Google Scholar
Williamson, C. H. K. 1996a Three-dimensional wake transition. J. Fluid Mech. 328, 345–407.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williamson, C. H. K. 1996b Vortex dynamics in the cylinder wake. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 28, 477–539.Google Scholar
Yildirim, I., Rindt, C. C. M. & van Steenhoven, A. A 2010 Vortex dynamics in a wire-disturbed cylinder wake for $Re= 100$. Phys. Fluids 22 (094101).Google Scholar
Yildirim, I., Rindt, C. C. M. & van Steenhoven, A. A 2013 Energy contents and vortex dynamics in mode C transition of wire-cylinder wake. Phys. Fluids 25 (054103).Google Scholar
Zhang, H.-Q., Fey, U., Noack, B. R., Konig, M. & Eckelmann, H. 1995 On the transition of the cylinder wake. Phys. Fluids 7 (4), 779–794.Google Scholar