Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-m8qmq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-17T16:26:25.004Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Quantification of added-mass effects using particle image velocimetry data for a translating and rotating flat plate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 May 2019

S. J. Corkery Open the ORCID record for S. J. Corkery [Opens in a new window] ,
H. Babinsky Open the ORCID record for H. Babinsky [Opens in a new window]  and
W. R. Graham Open the ORCID record for W. R. Graham [Opens in a new window]
S. J. Corkery*
Affiliation:
Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
H. Babinsky
Affiliation:
Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
W. R. Graham
Affiliation:
Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
*
†Email address for correspondence: sjc276@cam.ac.uk
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Added mass characterises the additional force required to accelerate a body when immersed in an ideal fluid. It originates from an asymmetric change to the surrounding pressure field so the fluid velocity satisfies the no-through-flow condition. This is intrinsically linked with the production of boundary vorticity. A body in potential flow may be represented by an inviscid vortex sheet and added-mass forces determined using impulse methods. However, most fluids are not inviscid. It has been theorised that viscosity causes the ‘added-mass vorticity’ to form in an intensely concentrated boundary layer region, equivalent to the inviscid distribution. Experimentally this is difficult to confirm due to limited measurement resolution and the presence of additional boundary layer vorticity, some the result of induced velocities from free vorticity in the flow field. The aim of this paper is to propose a methodology to isolate the added-mass vorticity experimentally with particle image velocimetry, and confirm that it agrees with potential flow theory even in separated flows. Experiments on a flat-plate wing undergoing linear and angular acceleration show close agreement between the theoretical and measured added-mass vorticity distributions. This is demonstrated to be independent of changes to flow topology due to flow separation. Flow field impulse and net force are also consistent with theory. This paper provides missing experimental evidence coupling added mass and the production of boundary layer vorticity, as well as confirmation that inviscid unsteady flow theory describes the added-mass effect correctly even in well-developed viscous flows.

JFM classification

Low-Reynolds-number flows: Low-Reynolds-number flows Vortex Flows: Vortex Flows
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 870 , 10 July 2019 , pp. 492 - 518
Copyright
© 2019 Cambridge University Press 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adrian, R. J. & Westerweel, J. 2011 Particle Image Velocimetry. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Benjamin, T. B. 1986 Note on added mass and drift. J. Fluid Mech. 169, 251–256.Google Scholar
Brennen, C. E.1982 A review of added mass and fluid inertial forces. Tech. Rep. CR 82.010. Naval Civil Engineering Laboratory.Google Scholar
Buchner, A. J., Buchmann, N., Kilany, K., Atkinson, C. & Soria, J. 2012 Stereoscopic and tomographic PIV of a pitching plate. Exp. Fluids 52 (2), 299–314.Google Scholar
Corkery, S. J., Babinsky, H. & Harvey, J. K. 2018 On the development and early observations from a towing tank-based transverse wing–gust encounter test rig. Exp. Fluids 59 (9), 135.Google Scholar
Darwin, C. 1953 Note on hydrodynamics. Math. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 49 (2), 342–354.Google Scholar
Eldredge, J. D. 2010 A reconciliation of viscous and inviscid approaches to computing locomotion of deforming bodies. Exp. Mech. 50 (9), 1349–1353.Google Scholar
Graham, W. R., Pitt Ford, C. W. & Babinsky, H. 2017 An impulse-based approach to estimating forces in unsteady flow. J. Fluid Mech. 815, 60–76.Google Scholar
Lamb, H. 1895 Hydrodynamics. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Leonard, A. & Roshko, A. 2001 Aspects of flow-induced vibration. J. Fluids Struct. 15 (3–4), 415–425.Google Scholar
Milne-Thomson, L. M. 1986 Theoretical Hydrodynamics, 5th edn. Macmillan.Google Scholar
Nobach, H. & Bodenschatz, E. 2009 Limitations of accuracy in PIV due to individual variations of particle image intensities. Exp. Fluids 47 (1), 27–38.Google Scholar
Pitt Ford, C. W. & Babinsky, H. 2013 Lift and the leading-edge vortex. J. Fluid Mech. 720, 280–313.Google Scholar
Poelma, C., Dickson, W. B. & Dickinson, M. H. 2006 Time-resolved reconstruction of the full velocity field around a dynamically-scaled flapping wing. Exp. Fluids 41 (2), 213–225.Google Scholar
Polet, D. T., Rival, D. E. & Weymouth, G. D. 2015 Unsteady dynamics of rapid perching manoeuvres. J. Fluid Mech. 767, 323–341.Google Scholar
Raffel, M., Willert, C. E., Wereley, S. T. & Kompenhans, J. 2007 Particle Image Velocimetry: A Practical Guide, 2nd edn. Springer.Google Scholar
Rival, D. E., Prangemeier, T. & Tropea, C. 2009 The influence of airfoil kinematics on the formation of leading-edge vortices in bio-inspired flight. Exp. Fluids 46 (5), 823–833.Google Scholar
Saffman, P. G. 1992 Vortex Dynamics. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Stevens, P. R. R. J. & Babinsky, H. 2017 Experiments to investigate lift production mechanisms on pitching flat plates. Exp. Fluids 58 (1), 7.Google Scholar
Wu, J. C. 1981 Theory for aerodynamic force and moment in viscous flows. AIAA J. 19 (4), 432–441.Google Scholar