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Response of non-premixed jet flames to blast waves

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 June 2025

Akhil Aravind Open the ORCID record for Akhil Aravind [Opens in a new window] ,
Gautham Vadlamudi Open the ORCID record for Gautham Vadlamudi [Opens in a new window]  and
Saptarshi Basu Open the ORCID record for Saptarshi Basu [Opens in a new window]
Akhil Aravind
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
Gautham Vadlamudi
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
Saptarshi Basu*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India Interdisciplinary Centre for Energy Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
*
Corresponding author: Saptarshi Basu, sbasu@iisc.ac.in
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Abstract

The work investigates the response dynamics of non-premixed jet flames to blast waves that are incident along the jet axis. In the present study, blast waves, generated using the wire-explosion technique, are forced to sweep across a non-premixed jet flame that is stabilised over a nozzle rim positioned at a distance of 264 mm from the source of the blast waves. The work spans a wide range of fuel-jet Reynolds numbers ($Re$; ranging from 267 to 800) and incident blast-wave Mach numbers ($M_{s,r}$; ranging from 1.025 to 1.075). The interaction imposes a characteristic flow field over the jet flame marked by a sharp discontinuity followed by a decaying profile and a delayed second spike. The second spike in the flow field profile corresponds to the induced flow that follows the blast front. While the response of the flame to the blast front was minimal, it was found to detach from the nozzle rim and lift off following the interaction with the induced flow. Subsequently, the lifted flame was found to reattach back at the nozzle or extinguish, contingent on the operating $Re$ and $M_{s,r}$. Alongside flame lift-off, flame-tip flickering was aggravated under the influence of the induced flow. A simplified theoretical model extending the vorticity transport equation was developed to estimate the change in flickering time scales and length scales owing to the interaction with the induced flow. The observed experimental trends were further compared against theoretical predictions from the model.

JFM classification

Reacting Flows: Flames Reacting Flows: Laminar reacting flows Compressible Flows: Shock waves
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 1013 , 25 June 2025 , A3
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Supplementary material: File

Aravind et al. supplementary material movie 1

Reattachment-1 regime at Re = 800, Ms,r = 1.025
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Aravind et al. supplementary material movie 2

Reattachment-2 regime at Re = 800, Ms,r = 1.060
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Aravind et al. supplementary material movie 3

Extinction-1 regime at Re = 534, Ms,r = 1.060
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Aravind et al. supplementary material movie 4

Extinction-2 regime at Re = 534, Ms,r = 1.075
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Aravind et al. supplementary material 5

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Aravind et al. supplementary material 6

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