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Scaling laws for the propulsive performance of a purely pitching foil in ground effect

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2021

Amin Mivehchi Open the ORCID record for Amin Mivehchi [Opens in a new window] ,
Qiang Zhong Open the ORCID record for Qiang Zhong [Opens in a new window] ,
Melike Kurt Open the ORCID record for Melike Kurt [Opens in a new window] ,
Daniel B. Quinn Open the ORCID record for Daniel B. Quinn [Opens in a new window]  and
Keith W. Moored Open the ORCID record for Keith W. Moored [Opens in a new window]
Amin Mivehchi*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA18015, USA
Qiang Zhong
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22094, USA
Melike Kurt
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA18015, USA
Daniel B. Quinn
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22094, USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904, USA
Keith W. Moored
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA18015, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: mivehchi@lehigh.edu
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Abstract

Scaling laws for the thrust production and power consumption of a purely pitching hydrofoil in ground effect are presented. For the first time, ground-effect scaling laws based on physical insights capture the propulsive performance over a wide range of biologically relevant Strouhal numbers, dimensionless amplitudes and dimensionless ground distances. This is achieved by advancing previous scaling laws (Moored & Quinn (AIAA J., 2018, pp. 1–15)) with physics-driven modifications to the added mass and circulatory forces to account for ground distance variations. The key physics introduced are the increase in the added mass of a foil near the ground and the reduction in the influence of a wake-vortex system due to the influence of its image system. The scaling laws are found to be in good agreement with new inviscid simulations and viscous experiments, and can be used to accelerate the design of bio-inspired hydrofoils that oscillate near a ground plane or two out-of-phase foils in a side-by-side arrangement.

JFM classification

Biological Fluid Dynamics: Swimming/flying Biological Fluid Dynamics: Propulsion
Type
JFM Rapids
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 919 , 25 July 2021 , R1
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

‡

Present address: Aerodynamics and Flight Mechanics Group, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.

References

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