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Subcritical transition to turbulence in a sudden circular pipe expansion

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 June 2018

Benoît Lebon ,
Jorge Peixinho Open the ORCID record for Jorge Peixinho [Opens in a new window] ,
Shun Ishizaka  and
Yuji Tasaka
Benoît Lebon
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Ondes et Milieux Complexes, CNRS and Université Le Havre Normandie, 76600 Le Havre, France
Jorge Peixinho*
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Ondes et Milieux Complexes, CNRS and Université Le Havre Normandie, 76600 Le Havre, France
Shun Ishizaka
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Flow Control, Hokkaido University, 060-8628 Sapporo, Japan
Yuji Tasaka
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Flow Control, Hokkaido University, 060-8628 Sapporo, Japan
*
†Email address for correspondence: jorge.peixinho@univ-lehavre.fr
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Abstract

The results of experiments on the flow through a circular sudden expansion pipe at moderate Reynolds numbers are presented. At five diameters upstream of the expansion, laminar flow was disturbed by a (constant) cross-flow jet, a suction or a (periodic in–out) synthetic jet from a hole in the wall. When the disturbance exceeded a critical value of the control parameter depending on the Reynolds number, localised turbulent patches formed downstream of the expansion at fixed axial positions. For the cross-flow jet, the onset of turbulent patches is related to the velocity ratio of the mean jet velocity to the mean pipe velocity. At low velocity ratio, turbulent patches formed intermittently. For the suction disturbance, the flow experienced a strong asymmetry of the recirculation region and required a larger velocity ratio before the turbulent patch formed. For the synthetic jet, the amplification of wavy disturbances into turbulent patches and their axial positions are controlled by the driving frequency. Overall, these results suggest the existence of different mechanisms for the development of localised turbulent patches.

JFM classification

Instability: Instability Wakes/Jets: Jets Instability: Transition to turbulence
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 849 , 25 August 2018 , pp. 340 - 354
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Copyright
© 2018 Cambridge University Press 

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