Hostname: page-component-7dd5485656-kp629 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-10-30T16:12:48.811Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of diffuse layer and pore shapes in mesoporous carbon supercapacitors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Jingsong Huang ,
Rui Qiao ,
Bobby G. Sumpter  and
Vincent Meunier
Jingsong Huang
Affiliation:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6367
Rui Qiao
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0921
Vincent Meunier*
Affiliation:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6367
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: meunierv@ornl.gov
Get access

Abstract

In the spirit of the theoretical evolution from the Helmholtz model to the Gouy–Chapman–Stern model for electric double-layer capacitors, we explored the effect of a diffuse layer on the capacitance of mesoporous carbon supercapacitors by solving the Poisson–Boltzmann (PB) equation in mesopores of diameters from 2 to 20 nm. To evaluate the effect of pore shape, both slit and cylindrical pores were considered. We found that the diffuse layer does not affect the capacitance significantly. For slit pores, the area-normalized capacitance is nearly independent of pore size, which is not experimentally observed for template carbons. In comparison, for cylindrical pores, PB simulations produce a trend of slightly increasing area-normalized capacitance with pore size, similar to that depicted by the electric double-cylinder capacitor model proposed earlier. These results indicate that it is appropriate to approximate the pore shape of mesoporous carbons as being cylindrical and the electric double-cylinder capacitor model should be used for mesoporous carbons as a replacement of the traditional Helmholtz model.

Keywords

Energy storageSimulation

Information

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 25 , Issue 8: Materials for Electrical Energy Storage , August 2010 , pp. 1469 - 1475
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

REFERENCES

1.Conway, B.E.Electrochemical Supercapacitors: Scientific Fundamentals and Technological Applications (Kluwer Academic/Plenum, New York 1999)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.Miller, J.R., Simon, P.Fundamentals of electrochemical capacitor design and operation. Electrochem. Soc. Interf. 17, (1)31 (2008)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3.Winter, M., Brodd, R.J.What are batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors≟ Chem. Rev. 104, (10)4245 (2004)CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4.Burke, A.Ultracapacitors: Why, how, and where is the technology. J. Power Sources 91, (1)37 (2000)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5.Kötz, R., Carlen, M.Principles and applications of electrochemical capacitors. Electrochim. Acta 45, (15–16)2483 (2000)Google Scholar
6.Pandolfo, A.G., Hollenkamp, A.F.Carbon properties and their role in supercapacitors. J. Power Sources 157, (1)11 (2006)Google Scholar
7.Frackowiak, E.Carbon materials for supercapacitor application. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 9, (15)1774 (2007)Google Scholar
8.Simon, P., Gogotsi, Y.Materials for electrochemical capacitors. Nat. Mater. 7, (11)845 (2008)CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9.Zhang, L.L., Zhao, X.S.Carbon-based materials as supercapacitor electrodes. Chem. Soc. Rev. 38, (9)2520 (2009)CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10.Lyklema, J.Fundamentals of Interface and Colloid Science, Volume II: Solid-liquid Interfaces (Academic Press, San Diego, CA 1995)Google Scholar
11.Huang, J., Sumpter, B.G., Meunier, V.Theoretical model for nanoporous carbon supercapacitors. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 47, (3)520 (2008)CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12.Huang, J., Sumpter, B.G., Meunier, V.A universal model for nanoporous carbon supercapacitors applicable to diverse pore regimes, carbon materials, and electrolytes. Chem. Eur. J. 14, (22)6614 (2008)CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13.Gerischer, H.The impact of semiconductors on the concepts of electrochemistry. Electrochim. Acta 35, (11–12)1677 (1990)Google Scholar
14.Rice, C.L., Whitehead, R.Electrokinetic flow in a narrow cylindrical capillary. J. Phys. Chem. 69, (11)4017 (1965)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15.Bard, A.J., Faulkner, L.R.Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications (John Wiley & Sons, New York 2001)Google Scholar
16.Mitchell, M.J., Qiao, R., Aluru, N.R.Meshless analysis of steady-state electro-osmotic transport. J. Microelectromech. Syst. 9, (4)435 (2000)Google Scholar
17.Lozano-Castelló, D., Suárez-García, F., Cazorla-Amorós, D., Linares-Solano, A.Porous texture of carbons,Carbons for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion Systems edited by F. Beguin and E. Frackowiak (CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL 2009)115162Google Scholar
18.Farina, C.J.E., Oldham, K.B.The diffuse charge region in thin layer cells. J. Electroanal. Chem. 81, (1)21 (1977)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19.Lo, W-Y., Chan, K-Y., Lee, M., Mok, K-L.Molecular simulation of electrolytes in nanopores. J. Electroanal. Chem. 450, (2)265 (1998)Google Scholar
20.Barbieri, O., Hahn, M., Herzog, A., Kötz, R.Capacitance limits of high surface area activated carbons for double layer capacitors. Carbon 43, (6)1303 (2005)Google Scholar
21.Chmiola, J., Yushin, G., Gogotsi, Y., Portet, C., Simon, P., Taberna, P.L.Anomalous increase in carbon capacitance at pore size less than 1 nanometer. Science 313, (5794)1760 (2006)Google Scholar
22.Vix-Guterl, C., Frackowiak, E., Jurewicz, K., Friebe, M., Parmentier, J., Béguin, F.Electrochemical energy storage in ordered porous carbon materials. Carbon 43, (6)1293 (2005)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23.Sevilla, M., Alvarez, S., Centeno, T.A., Fuertes, A.B., Stoeckli, F.Performance of templated mesoporous carbons in supercapacitors. Electrochim. Acta 52, (9)3207 (2007)Google Scholar
24.Liang, C., Hong, K., Guiochon, G.A., Mays, J.W., Dai, S.Synthesis of a large-scale highly ordered porous carbon film by self-assembly of block copolymers. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 43, (43)5785 (2004)CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed