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Hydrothermal synthesis of KNbO3 and NaNbO3 powders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Gregory K.L. Goh ,
Fred F. Lange ,
Sossina M. Haile  and
Carlos G. Levi
Gregory K.L. Goh
Affiliation:
Materials Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
Fred F. Lange
Affiliation:
Materials Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
Sossina M. Haile
Affiliation:
Materials Science Department 138–78, California Institute of Technology, 1200 California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125
Carlos G. Levi
Affiliation:
Materials Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
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Abstract

Orthorhombic KNbO3 and NaNbO3 powders were hydrothermally synthesized in KOH and NaOH solutions (6.7–15 M) at 150 and 200 °C. An intermediate hexaniobate species formed first before eventually converting to the perovskite phase. For synthesis in KOH solutions, the stability of the intermediate hexaniobate ion increased with decreasing KOH concentrations and temperatures. This led to significant variations in the induction periods and accounted for the large disparity in the mass of recovered powder for different processing parameters. It is also believed that protons were incorporated in the lattice of the as-synthesized KNbO3 powders as water molecules and hydroxyl ions.

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Journal of Materials Research , Volume 18 , Issue 2 , February 2003 , pp. 338 - 345
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2003

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