Hostname: page-component-cb9f654ff-5jtmz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-08-04T00:20:27.600Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Zeolite–zeolite composite fabricated by polycrystalline Y zeolite crystals parasitizing ZSM-5 zeolite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 August 2015

Guangshuai Wang ,
Yujian Liu ,
Jiajun Zheng ,
Meng Pan ,
Hongyan Zhang ,
Biao Li ,
Shuai Yuan ,
Yuming Yi ,
Huiping Tian  and
Ruifeng Li
Guangshuai Wang
Affiliation:
Research Centre of Energy Chemical & Catalytic Technology, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
Yujian Liu
Affiliation:
Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, Beijing 100083, China
Jiajun Zheng*
Affiliation:
Research Centre of Energy Chemical & Catalytic Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
Meng Pan
Affiliation:
Research Centre of Energy Chemical & Catalytic Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
Hongyan Zhang
Affiliation:
Research Centre of Energy Chemical & Catalytic Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
Biao Li*
Affiliation:
Research Centre of Energy Chemical & Catalytic Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
Shuai Yuan
Affiliation:
Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, Beijing 100083, China
Yuming Yi
Affiliation:
Research Centre of Energy Chemical & Catalytic Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
Huiping Tian
Affiliation:
Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, Beijing 100083, China
Ruifeng Li*
Affiliation:
Research Centre of Energy Chemical & Catalytic Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
*
b)e-mail: zhengjiajun@tyut.edu.cn
a)Address all correspondence to these authors. e-mail: rfli@tyut.edu.cn
Get access

Abstract

A series of zeolite–zeolite composites were prepared by a two-step hydrothermal crystallization procedure in which the mixture of presynthesized ZSM-5 zeolite acts as nutrients for the growth of postsynthesized Y zeolite, and the as-synthesized products are denoted as MFI–FAU. The structural, crystalline, and textural properties of the as-synthesized materials, as well as the references Y, ZSM-5, and a corresponding physical mixture composed of Y and ZSM-5 zeolite, were characterized by x-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR), temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia, N2 adsorption–desorption, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry, and Thermogravimetry. The results show that the ratio of Y to ZSM-5 in the composite can be adjusted by controlling the hydrothermal treatment time of the second-step synthesis. Steric hindrance provoked by the concurrently growing crystals offers the postsynthesized Y zeolite phase, a relatively smaller size. A hierarchical pores system, which results from the extraction of silicon species from ZSM-5 and the polycrystalline accumulation of Y zeolite, has been created in the zeolite–zeolite composite. Catalytic performances of the zeolite–zeolite composite catalysts as well as the references catalysts were investigated during the catalytic cracking of isopropylbenzene. As compared with the corresponding physical mixture, the composite catalysts display the excellent catalytic performances with a higher conversion of isopropylbenzene as well as a longer catalytic life because of the introduced hierarchical pores system and the formation of special composite structure.

Keywords

zeolite–zeolite compositehierarchicalMFI–FAUreverse growthisopropylbenzene cracking

Information

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 30 , Issue 16 , 28 August 2015 , pp. 2434 - 2446
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

REFERENCES

Groen, J.C., Moulijna, J.A., and Pérez-Ramírez, J.: Desilication: On the controlled generation of mesoporosity in MFI zeolites. J. Mater. Chem. 16, 2121 (2006).Google Scholar
Pérez-Ramírez, J., Christensen, C.H., Egeblad, K., Christensend, C.H., and Groen, J.C.: Hierarchical zeolites: Enhanced utilisation of microporous crystals in catalysis by advances in materials design. Chem. Soc. Rev. 37, 2530 (2008).Google Scholar
Tao, Y.S., Kanoh, H., and Kaneko, K.: Synthesis of mesoporous zeolite A by resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogel templating. Langmuir 21, 504 (2005).Google Scholar
van Donk, S., Janssen, A.H., Bitter, J.H., and de Jong, K.P.: Generation, characterization, and impact of mespores in zeolite catalysts. Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng. 45, 297 (2003).Google Scholar
Verboekend, D. and Pérez-Ramírez, J.: Design of hierarchical zeolite catalysts by desilication. Catal. Sci. Technol. 1, 879 (2011).Google Scholar
Yang, X.Y., Tian, G., Chen, L.H., Li, Y., Liu, J.C., Deng, Z., Van Tendeloo, G., and Su, B.L.: Well-organized zeolite nanocrystal aggregates with interconnected hierarchically micro-meso-macropore systems showing enhanced catalytic performance. Chem. Eur. J. 17, 14987 (2011).Google Scholar
Su, B.L., Sanchez, C., and Yang, X.Y.: Hierarchically Structured Porous Materials: From Nanoscience to Catalysis, Separation, Optics, Energy, and Life Science (Wiley-VCH Verlag & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany, 2012).Google Scholar
Corma, A.: From microporous to mesoporous molecular sieve materials and their use in catalysis. Chem. Rev. 97, 2373 (1997).Google Scholar
Xu, G.R., Wang, J.N., and Li, C.J.: Template-additive-free synthesis of binary zeolite microspheres with tunable hierarchical architectures and their removal abilities for organic pollutants. RSC Adv. 3, 12985 (2013).Google Scholar
Zheng, J.J., Zeng, Q.H., Yi, Y.M., Wang, Y., Ma, J.H., Qin, B., Zhang, X.W., Sun, W.F., and Li, R.F.: The hierarchical effects of zeolite composites in catalysis. Catal. Today 168, 124 (2011).Google Scholar
Zheng, J.J., Zeng, Q.H., Zhang, Y.Y., Wang, Y., Ma, J.H., Zhang, X.W., Sun, W.F., and Li, R.F.: Hierarchical porous zeolite composite with a core-shell structure fabricated using β-zeolite crystals as nutrients as well as cores. Chem. Mater. 22, 6065 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yu, H.J., Lv, Y.Y., Ma, K.Y., Wang, C.G., Xue, Z.T., Zhao, Y.J., Deng, Y.H., Dai, Y., and Zhao, D.Y.: Synthesis of core-shell structured zeolite A@mesoporous silica composites for butyraldehyde adsorption. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 428, 251 (2014).Google Scholar
Ren, B., Bai, S.Y., Sun, J.H., Zhang, F.Q., and Fan, M.H.: Controllable synthesis of obvious core-shell structured Y/beta composite zeolite by a stepwise-induced method. RSC Adv. 4, 22755 (2014).Google Scholar
Teng, H., Wang, J., Chen, D.M., Liu, P., and Wang, X.C.: Silicalite-1 membrane on millimeter-sized HZSM-5 zeolite extrudates: Controllable synthesis and catalytic behavior in toluene disproportionation. J. Membr. Sci. 381, 197 (2011).Google Scholar
Pirngruber, G.D., Laroche, C., Maricar-Pichon, M., Rouleau, L., Bouizi, Y., and Valtchev, V.: Core-shell zeolite composite with enhanced selectivity for the separation of branched paraffin isomers. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 169, 212 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qian, X.F., Du, J.M., Li, B., Si, M., Yang, Y.S., Hu, Y.Y., Niu, G.X., Zhang, Y.H., Xu, H.L., Tu, B., Tang, Y., and Zhao, D.Y.: Controllable fabrication of uniform core-shell structured zeolite@SBA-15 composites. Chem. Sci. 2, 2006 (2011).Google Scholar
Jia, L.X., Sun, X.Y., Ye, X.Q., Zou, C.L., Gu, H.F., Huang, Y., Niu, G.X., and Zhao, D.Y.: Core-shell composites of USY@Mesosilica: Synthesis and application in cracking heavy molecules with high liquid yield. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 176, 16 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qian, X.F., Li, B., Hu, Y.Y., Niu, G.X., Zhang, D.Y., Che, R.C., Tang, Y., Su, D.S., Asiri, A.M., and Zhao, D.Y.: Exploring meso-/microporous composite molecular sieves with core-shell structures. Chem. Eur. J. 18, 913 (2012).Google Scholar
Lv, Y.Y., Qian, X.F., Tu, B., and Zhao, D.Y.: Generalized synthesis of core-shell structured nano-zeolite@ordered mesoporous silica composites. Catal. Today 204, 2 (2013).Google Scholar
Zhang, J.Q., Fan, W.B., Liu, Y.Y., and Li, R.F.: Synthesis and catalytic property of a Co2+-exchanged beta/Y composite for the selective catalytic reduction of NO by CH4 in the presence of excess oxygen. Appl. Catal., B 76, 174 (2007).Google Scholar
Okamoto, M. and Osafune, Y.: MFI-type zeolite with a core–shell structure with minimal defects synthesized by crystal overgrowth of aluminum-free MFI-type zeolite on aluminum-containing zeolite and its catalytic performance. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 143, 413 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guo, W.P., Xiong, C.R., Huang, L.M., and Li, Q.Z.: Synthesis and characterization of composite molecular sieves comprising zeolite beta with MCM-41 structures. J. Mater. Chem. 11, 1886 (2001).Google Scholar
Huang, L.M., Guo, W.P., Deng, P., Xue, Z.Y., and Li, Q.Z.: Investigation of synthesizing MCM-41/ZSM-5 composites. J. Phys. Chem. B 104, 2817 (2000).Google Scholar
Milina, M., Mitchell, S., Crivelli, P., Cooke, D., and Pérez-Ramírez, J.: Mesopore quality determines the lifetime of hierarchically structured zeolite catalysts. Nature Commun. 5, 3922 (2014).Google Scholar
Bouizi, Y., Rouleau, L., and Valtchev, V.P.: Factors controlling the formation of core-shell zeolite-zeolite composites. Chem. Mater. 18, 4959 (2006).Google Scholar
Bouizi, Y., Diaz, I., Rouleau, L., and Valtchev, V.P.: Core–shell zeolite microcomposites. Adv. Funct. Mater. 15, 1955 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burger, B., Haas-Santo, K., Hunger, M., and Weitkamp, J.: Synthesis and characterization of aluminium-rich zeolite ZSM-5. Chem. Eng. Technol. 23, 322 (2000).Google Scholar
Yee, M. and Yaacob, I.I.: Synthesis and characterization of iron oxide nanostructured particles in Na–Y zeolite matrix. J. Mater. Res. 19, 930 (2004).Google Scholar
Jin, F., Cui, Y., Rui, Z., and Li, Y.: Effect of sequential desilication and dealumination on catalytic performance of ZSM-5 catalyst for pyridine and 3-picoline synthesis. J. Mater. Res. 25, 272 (2010).Google Scholar
Greer, H., Wheatley, P.S., Ashbrook, S.E., Morris, R.E., and Zhou, W.Z.: Early stage reversed crystal growth of zeolite A and its phase. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 17986 (2009).Google Scholar
Zeng, Q.H., Bai, X., Zheng, J.J., Chen, J.Q., and Li, R.F.: Growth of ZSM-5 crystals within hollow β-zeolite. Chin. Chem. Lett. 22, 1103 (2011).Google Scholar
Groen, J.C., Zhu, W., Brouwer, S., Huynink, S.J., Kapteijn, F., Moulijn, J.A., and Pérez-Ramírez, J.: Direct demonstration of enhanced diffusion in mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite obtained via controlled desilication. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129, 355 (2007).Google Scholar
Groen, J.C., Bach, T., Ziese, U., van Donk, A.M.P., de Jong, K.P., Moulijn, J.A., and Pérez-Ramírez, J.: Creation of hollow zeolite architectures by controlled desilication of Al-zoned ZSM-5 crystals. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 10792 (2005).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zheng, J.J., Zeng, Q.H., Ma, J.H., Zhang, X.W., Sun, W.F., and Li, R.F.: Synthesis of hollow zeolite composite spheres by using β-zeolite crystal as template. Chem. Lett. 39, 330 (2010).Google Scholar
Ohsuna, T., Terasaki, O., Nakagawa, Y., Zones, S.I., and Hiraga, K.: Electron microscopic study of intergrowth of MFL and MEL: Crystal faults B-MEL. J. Phys. Chem. B 101, 9881 (1997).Google Scholar
Dutta, P.K. and Bronic, J.: Mechanism of zeolite formation: Seed-gel interaction. Zeolites 14, 250 (1994).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kosanović, C., Havancsák, K., Subotić, B., Svetličić, V., Radić, T.M., Cziráki, Á., Huhn, G., Buljan, I., and Smrečki, V.: Study of the mechanism of formation of nano-crystalline zeolite X in heterogeneous system. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 142, 139 (2011).Google Scholar
Wang, D.J., Liu, Z.N., Wang, H., Xie, Z.K., and Tang, Y.: Shape-controlled synthesis of monolithic ZSM-5 zeolite with hierarchical strcuture and mechanical stability. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 132, 428 (2010).Google Scholar
Morsli, A., Driole, M.F., Cacciaguerra, T., Arletti, R., Chiche, B., Hamidi, F., Bengueddach, A., Quignard, F., and Di Renzo, F.: Microporsity of the amorphous aluminosilicate precursors of zeolites: The case of the gels of synthesis of mordenite. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 104, 209 (2007).Google Scholar
Chen, H.Y., Lee, P-S., Zhang, X.Y., and Lu, D.: Structure replication and growth development of three-dimensionally ordered mesoporous-imprinted zeolites during confined growth. J. Mater. Res. 28, 1356 (2013).Google Scholar
Bjøgen, M., Joensen, F., Holm, M.S., Olsbye, U., Lillerud, K-P., and Svelle, S.: Methanol to gasoline over zeolite H-ZSM-5: Improved catalyst performance by treatment with NaOH. Appl. Catal., A 345, 43 (2008).Google Scholar
Simon-Masseron, A., Marques, J.P., Lopes, J.M., Ramô Ribeiro, F., Gener, I., and Guisnet, M.: Influence of the Si/Al ratio and crystal size on the acidity and activity of HBEA zeolites. Appl. Catal., A 316, 75 (2007).Google Scholar
Dzikh, I.P., Lopes, J.M., Lemos, F., and Ribeiro, F.R.: Mixing effect of USHY+HZSM-5 for different catalyst ratios on the n-heptane transformation. Appl. Catal., A 176, 239 (1999).Google Scholar
Dzikh, I.P., Lopes, J.M., Lemos, F., and Ribeiro, F.R.: Temperature dependence of the USHY+HZSM-5 mixing effect on the n-heptane transformation. Catal. Today 65, 143 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, L.K., Qu, S.D., Wang, L., Zhang, X.W., and Liu, G.Z.: Preparation and performance of hierarchical HZSM-5 coatings on stainless-steeled microchannels for catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons. Catal. Today 216, 64 (2013).Google Scholar
Xian, X.C., Liu, G.Z., Zhang, X.W., Wang, L., and Mi, Z.T.: Catalytic cracking of n-dodecane over HZSM-5 zeolite under supercritical conditions: Experiments and kinetics. Chem. Eng. Sci. 65, 5588 (2010).Google Scholar
Diao, Z.H., Wang, L., Zhang, X.W., and Liu, G.Z.: Catalytic cracking of supercritical n-dodecane over meso-HZSM-5@Al-MCM-41 zeolites. Chem. Eng. Sci. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2014.12.048.Google Scholar
Martínez, A., Peris, E., Derewinski, M., and Burkat-Dulak, A.: Improvement of catalyst stability during methane dehydroaromatization (MDA) on Mo/HZSM-5 comprising intracrystalline mesopores. Catal. Today 169, 75 (2011).Google Scholar
Zheng, J.J., Zhang, X.W., Zhang, Y., Ma, J.H., and Li, R.F.: Structural effects of hierarchical pores in zeolite composite. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 122, 264 (2009).Google Scholar
Na, K. and·Somorjai, G.A.: Hierarchically nanoporous zeolites and their heterogeneous catalysis: current status and future perspectives. Catal. Lett. 145, 193 (2015).Google Scholar
Lemaire, A., Rooke, J.C., Chen, L.H., and Su, B.L.: Direct observation of macrostructure formation of hierarchically structured meso-macroporous aluminosilicates with 3D interconnectivity by optical microscope. Langmuir 27, 3030 (2011).Google Scholar
Li, Y., Yang, X.Y., Tian, G., Vantomme, A., Yu, J., Tendeloo, G.V., and Su, B.L.: Chemistry of trimethyl aluminum: A spontaneous route to thermally stable 3D crystalline macroporous alumina foams with a hierarchy of pore sizes. Chem. Mater. 22, 3251 (2010).Google Scholar
Zheng, J.J., Wang, G.S., Pan, M., Guo, D.L., Zhao, Q.Q., Li, B., and Li, R.F.: Hierarchical core-shell zeolite composite ZSM-5@SAPO-34 fabricated by using ZSM-5 as the nutrients for the growth of SAPO-34. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 206, 114 (2015).Google Scholar
Zhao, Q.Q., Qin, B., Zheng, J.J., Du, Y.Z., Sun, W.F., Ling, F.X., Zhang, X.W., and Li, R.F.: Core-shell structured zeolite-zeolite composites comprising Y zeolite cores and nano-β zeolite shells: Synthesis and application in hydrocracking of VGO oil. Chem. Eng. J. 257, 262 (2014).Google Scholar