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Effect of applied pressure on densification of monolithic ZrCx ceramic by reactive hot pressing

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 February 2016

Lingappa Rangaraj ,
Tamoghna Chakrabarti ,
Rajaguru Kannan  and
Vikram Jayaram
Lingappa Rangaraj*
Affiliation:
Materials Science Division, CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories, Bangalore 560017, Karnataka, India
Tamoghna Chakrabarti
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
Rajaguru Kannan
Affiliation:
Materials Science Division, CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories, Bangalore 560017, Karnataka, India
Vikram Jayaram
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: ranga@nal.res.in
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Abstract

The effect of applied pressure on reactive hot pressing (RHP) of zirconium (Zr):graphite (C) in molar ratios of 1:0.5, 1:0.67, 1:0.8, and 1:1 was studied at 1200 °C for 60 min. The relative density achievable increased with increasing pressure and ranged from 99% at 4 MPa for ZrC0.5 to 93% for stoichiometric ZrC at 100 MPa. The diminishing influence of pressure on the final density with increasing stoichiometry is attributed to two causes: the decreasing initial volume fraction of the plastically deforming Zr metal which leads to the earlier formation of a contiguous, stress shielding carbide skeleton and the larger molar volume shrinkage during reaction which leads to pore formation in the final stages. A numerical model of the creep densification of a dynamically evolving microstructure predicts densities that are consistent with observations and confirm that the availability of a soft metal is primarily responsible for the achievement of such elevated densification during RHP. The ability to densify nonstoichiometric compositions like ZrC0.5 at pressures as low as 4 MPa offers an alternate route to fabricating dense nonstoichiometric carbides.

Keywords

ceramicdensificationhot pressing

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Type
Articles
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Journal of Materials Research , Volume 31 , Issue 4 , 29 February 2016 , pp. 506 - 515
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2016 

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