Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-x24gv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-15T04:53:58.843Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Evaluation of matrix strength in ultra-fine grained pure Al by nanoindentation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Ling Zhang ,
Takahito Ohmura ,
Satoshi Emura ,
Nobuaki Sekido ,
Fuxing Yin ,
Xiaohua Min  and
Kaneaki Tsuzaki
Ling Zhang*
Affiliation:
National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
Kaneaki Tsuzaki
Affiliation:
National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: zhang.ling@nims.go.jp
Get access

Abstract

Nanoindentation measurements of the grain interiors of an ultra-fine grained (UFG) pure Al produced by equal channel angular pressing were taken to evaluate the contribution of the matrix strength. Specimens were subjected to 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 passes at ambient temperature. The nanohardness of the deformed samples was always higher than that of the undeformed sample 0P in the range of the indentation depth that was investigated, suggesting a strengthening of the matrix in the UFG Al. The increase in hardness that was contributed by the matrix to the macroscopic scale hardness was significantly large in about 40% of the deformed samples. The microstructural characterization and the deformation response analysis with the pop-in event during indentation suggested that the strengthening of the matrix originated from dislocation strengthening and some other presumable factors in the grain interiors.

Keywords

AlNanoindentationStrength
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 24 , Issue 9 , September 2009 , pp. 2917 - 2923
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1Wang, J., Iwahashi, Y., Horita, Z., Furukawa, M., Nemoto, M., Valiev, R.Z. and Langdon, T.G.: An investigation of microstructural stability in an Al-Mg alloy with submicrometer grain size. Acta Mater. 44, 2973 (1996)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2Belyakov, A., Kimura, Y., Adachi, Y. and Tsuzaki, K.: Microstructure evolution in ferritic stainless steels during large strain deformation. Mater. Trans. 45, 2812 (2004)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3Huang, X., Hansen, N. and Tsuji, N.: Hardening by annealing and softening by deformation in nanostructured metals. Science 312, 249 (2006)CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4Reihanian, M., Ebrahimi, R., Tsuji, N. and Moshksar, M.M.: Analysis of the mechanical properties and deformation behavior of nanostructured commercially pure Al processed by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). Mater. Sci. Eng., A 473, 189 (2008)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5Krasilnikov, N., Lojkowski, W., Pakiela, Z. and Valiev, R.: Tensile strength and ductility of ultra-fine-grained nickel processed by severe plastic deformation. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 397, 330 (2005)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6Tanaka, M., Fujimoto, N. and Higashida, K.: Fracture toughness enhanced by grain boundary shielding in submicron-grained low carbon steel. Mater. Trans. 49, 58 (2008)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7Hughes, G.D., Smith, S.D., Pande, C.S., Johnson, H.R. and Armstrong, R.W.: Hall-Petch for the microhardness of twelve nanometer grain diameter electrodeposited nickel. Scr. Metall. 20, 93 (1986)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8Furukawa, M., Horita, Z., Nemoto, M., Valiev, R.Z. and Langdon, T.G.: Microhardness measurements and the Hall-Petch relationship in an AL-Mg alloy with submicrometer grain size. Acta Mater. 44, 4619 (1996)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9Ohmura, T., Tsuzaki, K., Tsuji, N. and Kamikawa, N.: Matrix strength evaluation of ultra-fine grained steel by nanoindentation. J. Mater. Res. 19, 347 (2004)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10Ohmura, T., Tsuzaki, K. and Matsuoka, S.: Nanohardness measurement of high-purity Fe-C martensite. Scr. Mater. 45, 889 (2001)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11Gouldstone, A., Chollacoop, N., Dao, M., Li, J., Minor, A.M. and Shen, Y.L.: Indentation across size scales and displines: Recent developments in experimentation and modeling. Acta Mater. 55, 4015 (2007)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12Terhune, S.D., Swisher, D.L., Oh-Ishi, K., Horita, Z., Langdon, T.G. and McNelley, T.R.: An investigation of microstructure and grain-boundary evolution during ECA pressing of pure aluminum. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 33, 2173 (2002)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13Iwahashi, Y., Horita, Z., Nemoto, M. and Langdon, T.G.: The process of grain refinement in equal-channel angular pressing. Acta Mater. 46, 3317 (1998)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14Oliver, W.C. and Pharr, G.M.: An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments. J. Mater. Res. 7, 1564 (1992)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15Gubicza, J., Chinh, N.Q., Horita, Z. and Langdon, T.G.: Effect of Mg addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 387–389, 55 (2004)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16Gubicza, J., Chinh, N.Q., Csanadi, T., Langdon, T.G. and Ungar, T.: Microstructure and strength of severely deformed fcc metals. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 462, 86 (2007)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17Nix, W.D. and Gao, H.: Indentation size effects in crystalline materials: A law for strain gradient plasticity. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 46, 411 (1998)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18Itokazu, M. and Murakami, Y.: Elastic-plastic analysis of triangular pyramidal indentation. Trans. Jpn. Soc. Mech. Eng. A59, 2560 (1993)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19Yang, B. and Vehoff, H.: Dependence of nanohardness upon indentation size and grain size–A local examination of the interaction between dislocations and grain boundaries. Acta Mater. 55, 849 (2007)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20Durst, K., Backes, B.R., Franke, O. and Göken, M.: Indentation size effect in metallic material: Modeling strength from pop-in to macroscopic hardness using geometrically necessary dislocations. Acta Mater. 54, 2547 (2006)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21Shibutani, Y., Tsuru, T. and Koyama, A.: Nanoplastic deformation of nanoindentation: Crystallographic dependence of displacement bursts. Acta Mater. 55, 1813 (2007)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22Lorenz, D., Zeckzer, A., Hilpert, U., Grau, P., Johansen, H. and Leipner, H.S.: Pop-in effect as homogeneous nucleation of dislocations during nanoindentation. Phys. Rev. B 67, 172101 (2003)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23Lilleodden, E.T. and Nix, W.D.: Microstructural length-scale effects in the nanoindentation behavior of thin gold films. Acta Mater. 54, 1583 (2006)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24Ohmura, T., Tsuzaki, K. and Matsuoka, S.: Evaluation of the matrix strength of Fe-0.4 wt% C tempered martensite using nanoindentation techniques. Philos. Mag. A 82, 1903 (2002)Google Scholar
25Ikeda, K., Yamada, K., Takata, N., Yoshida, F., Nakashima, H. and Tsuji, N.: Grain boundary structure of ultrafine grained pure copper fabricated by accumulative roll bonding. Mater. Trans. 49, 24 (2008)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26Valiev, R.Z., Gertsman, V.Y. and Kaibyshev, O.A.: The role of non-equilibrium grain boundary structures in strain induced grain boundary migration. Scr. Mater. 17, 853 (1983)Google Scholar
27Valiev, R.Z., Gertsman, V.Y. and Kaibyshev, O.A.: Grain boundary structure and properties under external influences. Phys. Status Solidi A 97, 11 (1986)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28Horita, Z., Smith, D.J., Nemoto, M., Valiev, R.Z. and Langdon, T.G.: Observation of grain boundary structure in submicrometer-grained Cu and Ni using high-resolution electron microscopy. J. Mater. Res. 13, 446 (1998)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
29Valiev, R.Z., Krasilnikov, N.A. and Tsenev, N.K.: Plastic deformation of alloys with submicron-grained structure. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 137, 35 (1991)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30Belyakov, A., Tsuzaki, K. and Kimura, Y.: Regularities of deformation microstructures in ferritic stainless steels during large strain cold working. ISIJ Int. 48, 1071 (2008)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
31Belyakov, A., Sakai, T., Miura, H. and Kaibyshev, R.: Strain-induced submicrocrystalline grains developed in austenitic stainless steel under severe warm deformation. Philos. Mag. Lett. 80, 711 (2000)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
32Shibutani, Y. and Koyama, A.: Surface roughness effects on the displacement bursts observed in nanoindentation. J. Mater. Res. 19, 183 (2004)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
33Morris, J.W. Jr. , Jin, M. and Minor, A.M.: In situ studies of the transmission of strain across grain boundaries. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 462, 412 (2007)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
34Minor, A.M., Lilleodden, E.T., Stach, E.A. and Morris, J.W. Jr.: Direct observations of incipient plasticity during nanoindentation of Al. J. Mater. Res. 19, 176 (2004)CrossRefGoogle Scholar