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Synthesis of rutile titania powders: Agglomeration, dissolution, and reprecipitation phenomena

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Sascha M. Klein ,
Joon Hwan Choi ,
David J. Pine  and
Fred F. Lange
Sascha M. Klein
Affiliation:
Materials Department, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106
Joon Hwan Choi
Affiliation:
Chemical Engineering Department, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106
David J. Pine
Affiliation:
Materials Department, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106
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Abstract

Rutile titania powders were synthesized via a sol-gel/hydrothermal process using nitric acid as the catalyst. A molar acid to alkoxide ratio of 10 and a water to alkoxide molar ratio of 250 produced 100% rutile powders when precipitated below 45 °C. Higher temperatures yielded initially either anatase or mixtures of anatase and rutile. Spherulitic growth produced cauliflower-shaped agglomerates with a mean size of 760 nm. The agglomerates could be broken apart into approximately 100-nm large broomlike agglomerates via a dissolution and reprecipitation process when reacted with approximately 2.4 molar nitric acid. Transmission electron microscopy observations showed that the broomlike agglomerate consisted of linear clusters of rodlike agglomerates composed of crystallographically aligned, primary particles approximately 4 nm in size.

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Articles
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Journal of Materials Research , Volume 18 , Issue 6 , June 2003 , pp. 1457 - 1464
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2003

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