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Asian Paleocene charophyte records demonstrate Eocene dispersals from Asia to Europe

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2022

Wenxin Cao Open the ORCID record for Wenxin Cao [Opens in a new window] ,
Sha Li ,
Qiang Li ,
Thomas A. Stidham Open the ORCID record for Thomas A. Stidham [Opens in a new window] ,
Xiaoqiao Wan  and
Xijun Ni
Wenxin Cao
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100044, China , , , CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Beijing 100044, China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Centre for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 39 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China General Prospecting Institute of China National Administration of Coal Geology, Beijing 100039, China
Sha Li*
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Centre for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 39 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China
Qiang Li
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100044, China , , , CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Beijing 100044, China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Thomas A. Stidham
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100044, China , , , CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Beijing 100044, China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Xiaoqiao Wan
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
Xijun Ni*
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100044, China , , , CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Beijing 100044, China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100104, China
*
*Corresponding author.
*Corresponding author.
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Abstract

A latest Paleocene charophyte flora collected from the South Gobi area in the Junggar Basin, western China, includes the geographically widespread taxa Peckichara torulosa var. varians (Dollfus and Fritel, 1919) Sanjuan, Vicente, and Eaton, 2020, Lychnothmanus vectensis (Groves, 1926) Soulié-Märsche, 1989, and Gyrogona lemani capitata Grambast and Grambast-Fessard, 1981. Lychnothmanus vectensis (as Lychnothmanus aff. L. vectensis) is known from the Cretaceous–Paleocene transition in eastern China and the latest Paleocene in western China, with likely additional records from the United States (Utah). The earliest European records of L. vectensis are from the late Eocene to early Oligocene in Spain, France, and England. Similarly, the oldest record of G. lemani capitata is from the latest Paleocene in the South Gobi area, with younger records from the middle Eocene of France. These latest Paleocene gyrogonite assemblages demonstrate the origin of these charophyte lineages in Asia. The dispersal of these charophytes from Asia to Europe in the middle to late Eocene appears to have occurred before the retreat of the Turgai Strait in both the Tarim area and the Siberian Basin by the end of the late Eocene and before the “Grande Coupure” in Europe and the Mongolian Remodelling in Asia during the Eocene–Oligocene transition. We hypothesize that waterbirds may have facilitated this intercontinental dispersal, and that idea is supported by the shared occurrence of avian groups in Central Asia and Europe in the middle and late Eocene.

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Journal of Paleontology , Volume 96 , Issue 3 , May 2022 , pp. 706 - 714
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Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Paleontological Society

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Footnotes

‡

Wenxin Cao and Sha Li contributed equally to this work.

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