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Neuropsychological Deficits in Young Adults Born Small-for-Gestational Age (SGA) at Term

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 February 2014

Heidi Furre Østgård ,
Jon Skranes ,
Marit Martinussen ,
Geir W Jacobsen ,
Ann-Mari Brubakk ,
Torstein Vik ,
Are H. Pripp  and
Gro C.C. Løhaugen
Heidi Furre Østgård*
Affiliation:
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
Jon Skranes
Affiliation:
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
Marit Martinussen
Affiliation:
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway Department of Obstetrics, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
Geir W Jacobsen
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
Ann-Mari Brubakk
Affiliation:
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway Department of Pediatrics, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
Torstein Vik
Affiliation:
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
Are H. Pripp
Affiliation:
Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
Gro C.C. Løhaugen
Affiliation:
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway Department of Pediatrics, Sørlandet Hospital, Arendal, Norway
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Heidi F. Østgård, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7489 Trondheim, Norway. E-mail: heidi.f.ostgard@ntnu.no
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Abstract

Reduced IQ, learning difficulties and poor school performance have been reported in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) subjects. However, few studies include a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. Our aim was to study neuropsychological functioning in young adults born SGA at term. A comprehensive neuropsychological test battery was administered to 58 SGA subjects (birth weight <10th centile) born at term, and 81 term non-SGA controls (birth weight ≥10th centile). The SGA group obtained significantly (p < .01) lower scores on the attention, executive and memory domains compared to non-SGA controls and showed higher risk of obtaining scores below −1.5 SD on the memory domain (odds ratio = 13.3, 95% confidence interval: 1.57, 112.47). At a subtest level, the SGA group obtained lower scores on most neuropsychological tests, with significant differences on 6 of 46 measures: the Trail Making Test 3 (letter sequencing), the Wechsler Memory Scale mental control and the auditory immediate memory scale, the Design Fluency, the Stroop 3 (inhibition) and the Visual Motor Integration (VMI) motor coordination subtest. Young adults born SGA score more poorly on neuropsychological tests compared with non-SGA controls. Differences were modest, with more significant differences in the memory domain. (JINS, 2014, 20, 1–11)

Keywords

Neuropsychological testsFetal growth restriction (FGR)Child developmentLow birth weightFollow-up studyCognitive abilities
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 20 , Issue 3 , March 2014 , pp. 313 - 323
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2014 

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