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Are free-floating planktonic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) common components of the pelagic fauna from the South Brazilian Bight?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 June 2015

Ana Caroline Cabral ,
Miodeli Nogueira Júnior ,
Renato Mitsuo Nagata  and
Frederico Pereira Brandini
Ana Caroline Cabral*
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós Graduação em Sistemas Costeiros e Oceânicos, Centro de Estudos do Mar da Universidade Federal do Paraná, PO Box 61, 83255-976 Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brasil
Miodeli Nogueira Júnior
Affiliation:
Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, Paraíba 58051-900, Brasil
Renato Mitsuo Nagata
Affiliation:
Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, travessa 14, no 101, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-090, São Paulo – SP, Brasil
Frederico Pereira Brandini
Affiliation:
Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-120, São Paulo – SP, Brasil
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: A.C. Cabral, Programa de Pós Graduação em Sistemas Costeiros e Oceânicos, Centro de Estudos do Mar da Universidade Federal do Paraná, PO Box 61, 83255-976. Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brasil email: ana.ccabral2@gmail.com
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Abstract

We analysed 267 zooplankton samples collected in the South Brazilian Bight (SBB; 23–27°S) to determine whether hydroids, typically benthic, are common components of the pelagic SBB. Two species, Clytia arborescens, recorded for the first time in the Atlantic Ocean, and Clytia sp. were identified. While these planktonic hydroids were frequent or relatively so in shallow shelf waters (~23% of the samples <50 m isobaths, and 5% of the samples >100 m), abundances were low (up to 61 hydranths m−3) suggesting a low trophic impact. Such colonies are probably fragments of benthic colonies detached by storms and/or tides. Given the good condition of the coenosarc, existence of gastric content, and presence of reproductive structures, development of these species appears to be normal in the pelagic environment. Existence in the plankton may increase their capacity for dispersion.

Keywords

Clytiaplanktonic polypsresuspensionzooplanktonSouth-west AtlanticBrazil
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 95 , Issue 8 , December 2015 , pp. 1645 - 1652
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2015 

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