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Contrasting drivers of sponge and seagrass assemblage composition in an Indo-Pacific seagrass meadow

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 November 2022

Ramadian Bachtiar Open the ORCID record for Ramadian Bachtiar [Opens in a new window] ,
Hawis H. Madduppa  and
James J. Bell Open the ORCID record for James J. Bell [Opens in a new window]
Ramadian Bachtiar*
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Te Toki a Rata Building, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
Hawis H. Madduppa
Affiliation:
Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fishery and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Jl. Agatis, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia
James J. Bell
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Te Toki a Rata Building, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
*
Author for correspondence: Ramadian Bachtiar, E-mail: rbachtiar@gmail.com
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Abstract

Sponges are major components of benthic marine ecosystems across the world. However, despite seagrasses being one of the key ecosystems in tropical environments, their associated sponge assemblages have been poorly studied. In this study we investigated seagrass and sponge assemblage composition in an Indo-Pacific seagrass meadow located surrounding Hoga Island in the Wakatobi National Park, South-east Sulawesi, Indonesia. We examined a continuous seagrass meadow, spatially separated into two sites, categorized into three zones based on the distance to the shore: high-shore, middle shore and near-reef-flat zones. We investigated the species richness, composition and abundance of both seagrass and sponge species across zones and sites. We found that the sponge assemblage composition was significantly different between sites and zones, while the seagrass assemblage was not. This suggests that the seagrass and sponge assemblages have different ecological drivers. Based on our observations, we propose that sponge adaptation to the prevailing environmental conditions in different seagrass zones may be reflected by sponge morphology. Furthermore, seagrass ecosystem management strategies should consider the different drivers of seagrass and sponge distribution patterns as they might be differentially affected by specific anthropogenic stressors.

Keywords

Ecological driversmorphologyPoriferaWakatobi
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 102 , Issue 8 , December 2022 , pp. 565 - 575
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom

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