¹ Furtwängler, Antike Gemmen Tab. 16 No. 57, 2. 80.

² One may compare the picture of the so called Dareios Vase in Naples, showing a treasurer who controls the tribute, brought by the subjects. The representation is closely related to that of our gem, the table however is of an ordinary form and there is no tripod. See Baumeister, Denkmäler 1. 408f. Tab. 2. I am grateful to Mr. Sydney H. Gould for calling my attention to this vase.

³ About the collective and plural function of the -r-suffix in general see especially Schäfer in Pauli's Altitalische Studien 3. 2. 65ff.; Rosenberg, Glotta 4. 53ff. I have restricted myself here to the group in -ar, where this function is obvious.

⁴ Genitive cliniiaras, Hammarström, Studi Etruschi 5. 363ff. (1931); Pallottino ib. 245f.

⁵ Skutsch, RE 6. 767.

⁶ Ribezzo, Riv. Indo.-Gr.-It. 12. 78ff. (1928).

⁷ Tomba d. Auguri in Tarquini. See Poulsen, Etruscan tomb paintings 17; Danielsson ad CIE 5206; Cortsen, Die etruskischen Standes-und Beamtentitel, Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Hist, filol. Meddelelser 133f. (1925).

⁸ Published by Fabretti, Corp. Inscr. Ital. No. 70. The reproduction he gives Tab. 6 bis is scarcely satisfactory. The patera was supposed to be in the museum at Pesaro, but I have not yet been able to get information about it.

⁹ Fabretti, No. 71. It is uncertain where the vase is at present.

¹⁰ Fabretti, No. 2265. The design Tab. 42 is not accurate. I saw the jar some years ago at the museum of the Vatican. Peculiar is the form of the r. I have a suspicion that some of these ancient pottery inscriptions (see, f. i., Fabretti, No. 2596) are not mere ‘Etruscan’, but belong to a somewhat mixed type (Eastern Italy?), as we find it in the north Etruscan territories and in the Ager Faliscus.

¹¹ There is no strict evidence to refute the objection that ancar on this v6ase is a proper name. But 1 personally am convinced it is not.

¹² Herbig, IF 37.185f. (1917).

¹³ The existence of a form *ancare is proved by Latin Ancarenus, Hancarenus, Ancharenus beside Ancharienus, Ancharianus. For the Latin and Etruscan forms, see Schulze, ZGLE 122.

¹⁴ Fiesel, Das Grammatische Geschlecht im Etruskischen-Forsch. z. griech. u. lat.Gram. 7.113ff. (1922).

¹⁵ Black cup from Telamone in Umbria, Gammurrini, Appendice al Corp. Inscr. It. No. 66. The other forms quoted are on sarcophagi, urns, tiles, or cippi.

¹⁶ Also 3539 and 4213; but they might be masculine. For doubtful cases with the ending -i see Fiesel, Grammat. Geschlecht 105ff.

¹⁷ Pro Var. fragm., Priscian 12.4.70.

¹⁸ W. Schulze, ZGLE 122.

¹⁹ Conway, Prae-Italic Dialects of Italy 1.383.

²⁰ Strabo 5. 1. 2. But see Conway 1. 413. Stephanus Byz.: . See W. Schulze, ZGLE 535, 4.

²¹ Conway 1.259 and 307.

²² Tertullian Ad nat. 2.8 = apol. 24.1: unicuique provinciae et civitati suus deus est. . . . Asculanorum (sic!) Ancharia. See Klebs, RE 1. 2102.

²³ CIE 3541, 4349.

²⁴ W. Schulze, ZGLE 123.

²⁵ See Danielsson ad CIE 4923.

²⁶ Schulze, ZGLE, 104.ff.

²⁷ Most likely from the end of the third century and later. On the inscriptions from Viterbo, see Fiesel, Gram. Geschlecht 89.

²⁸ Hammarström, Beiträge z. Geschichte d. etr. lat. u. griech. Alphbets 16f.

²⁹ I cannot go into the problem whether the praenomen Ancus which according to Varro is of Sabine origin (Exe. de Praen. 4) is to be connected with ancar. The Etruscan gives only one form in an ancient inscription from Orvieto CIE 4981: mi ∂ucerus anχes. See Danielsson ad titulum. Besides we find anco = Ancus in Falerii. See Herbig ad CIE 8353. 8344. In principle we might connect the words : anχe, Ancus : ancare = Ampius, *amφ(i)e : amφare, amφiare. But one can hardly draw a conclusion from this poor material.

³⁰ See about them Aust, RE 1. 2189ff.; Wissowa, Roscher's Myth. Lex. 1.348ff.

³¹ Varro, L.L. 6.13; Macrobius, Sat. 1. 10.7f.; 3.9.4.

³² Pliny 3.64; Macrobius, l.c.; Solinus 1.6.

³³ Altheim, Rōm. Religionsgeschichte 1. 39f. There may be mentioned a female figure with a related gesture on a mirror from Chiusi, published by Bianchi Bandinelli, who describes her as a deity of doom and fate. ‘Venus silenciosa’, Monumenti Antichi d. R. Accademia dei Lincei 30.546 and 555 (1925).

³⁴ The sign for an o-vowel is missing in Etruscan and so are the medials. See Acrasius, Agraisus, Etr. stem: acr-; ZGLE 115. Cavilius, Gavilius, 77; Tiberius, Etr. ∂eprie, ∂cfri 247. 5. The change in part may be due to the pronunciation of Etruscan stops, which is not precisely known.

³⁵ Camera < cámara, Sommer, Handbuch d. lat. Laut- u. Formenlehre² 99.

³⁶ It took place only after the change from s to r, which was finished about the middle of the fourth century B. C. Niederman, Précis de phonétique historique du Latin² 128.

³⁷ Altheim, 1. c.40.

³⁸ Leumann, Stolz-Schmalz lat. Gram.⁵ 203.

³⁹ Fiesel, l. c. 25ff.

⁴⁰ Fiesel, I. c.

⁴¹ Gerhard, Etr. Spiegel Tab. 322; Minto in Studi Etruschi 3.469 (1929).

⁴² Trag. 202 Ribbeck; Gell. 1. 24.2. See also dives Orcus, Lygd. 338.

⁴³ See the examples Th.L.L. Onomasticon 3.2. 189 and 5.1. 1589.

⁴⁴ Wissowa, Religion u. Kult der Römer² 3.10f.

⁴⁵ Firmicus Err. 7.4.

⁴⁶ Stated also by Preller, Römische Mythologie 2336ff.

⁴⁷ 3.9.4. Sunt qui Angeronam .... alii autem, quorum fides mihi videtur firmior, Opem Consivam esse dixerunt.

⁴⁸ Martianus Capella 1.4.