No CrossRef data available.
1 See George L. Trager, La systématique des phonèmes du Polonais, Acta Linguistica 1.179-88 (1939).
2 Trager 185, Table II. The last seven consonants in our list are called sonants.
3 Trager 179.
4 Trager 188. All Polish forms in this paper are in phonemic transcription, except where phonetic transcription is indicated by square brackets.
5 Trager 181-5, including Table I.
6 Kenneth L. Pike, Phonetics 116 (Ann Arbor, 1943).
7 N. S. Trubetzkoy, Grundzüge der Phonologie 244-6 (Prague, 1939).
8 But contrastive stress is phonemic : symbol ‘ over a vowel letter, e.g. do-más a-ńe do-vás poset ‘he went to us and not to you' (do-nas and do-vas normally have stress of degree 1 on the first syllable, degree 4 on the second).
9 Also ščeguły ‘particulars’, vogule ‘in general’, and žečpospolita ‘republic’ have stress 1 on the antepenult; but cf. kobjeta pospolita ‘a common woman’ with stress 1 on the last syllable.