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Latin -idus and -tūdō

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 April 2026

F. Mezger
F. Mezger*
Affiliation:
Bryn Mawr College
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Extract

The Latin adjectives ending in -idus generally appear beside intransitive verbs of the second conjugation and abstract nouns ending in -or, -ōris: e.g. timeō, timor, timidus. They represent, as it were, the participle, of which the original form is probably preserved in an example like acētum ‘vinegar’ : aceō. These verbs show long ē outside the present: vereor : verēcundia, valeō : valētūdō, aceō : acētum : acēscō, tābeō : tābēs : tabēscō, Lith. tyléti ‘to be silent’, OCS iměti ‘to have’. The meaning of the ē-verbs is ‘to be in a state’ and also ‘to keep in a state’.

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Language , Volume 22 , Issue 3-Part1: July-September , September 1946 , pp. 194 - 199
Copyright
Copyright © 1946 by the Linguistic Society of America

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References

1 Stolz-Schmalz-Leumann, Lat. Gramm.5 225 f. (München, 1928).

2 Ibid.

3 Op.cit. 233. Brugmann, Grdr.2 2.1.179, is somewhat doubtful about this explanation.

4 KZ 65.201 f. (1938).

5 Stolz-Schmalz-Leumann 234 f. It is true that in composition i may be expected, but it is not probable that similis owes its i -formation to dissimilis.

6 Schulze, Kl. Sch. 79. See also P. Chantraine, La formation des noms en grec ancien 152 (Paris, 1933).

7 Schulze, Kl. Sch. 372. Mezger, KZ 62.22. These substantives are generally interpreted as s-f ormations. Of course, honōs, later honor -ōris m. beside honestus is an s-formation. See Stolz-Schmalz-Leumann 245.

8 Meillet-Ernout, Dict, ét.2 134 (1939) posit calidus, not ‘callidus, richtiger cālidus‘ as do Walde–Hofmann 139.

9 Stolz-Schmalz–Leumann 226.

10 Meillet-Ernout 684.

11 Lang. 17.5.

12 Specht, KZ 65.201.

13 Cp. Lith. balándis m., balandė f. ‘wild dove’ : báltas ‘white’.

14 Grdr.2 2.1.283.

15 Meillet-Ernout 7 ff.

16 Schulze; Meillet-Ernout 882.

17 Waide-Hofmann, LEW 6 ff.; WP 1.28 f.; Reichelt, IF 32.23 ff.; Benveniste, Origines 5 f.

18 KZ 65.4: o- : u-stem.

19 Specht, KZ 62.225.

20 Schulze, Kl. Sch. 112 ff., 124 f.; Specht, KZ 65.200.

21 Walde-Hofmann, LEW 759.

22 WP 1.737 f.

23 Schulze, Kl. Sch. 379: ‘vor Durst ausgetrocknet’.

24 Macdonneil, Vedic grammar 118 f.

25 WP 1.829 f.

26 Specht, KZ 65.202; 64.3, note 3.

27 Grdr.2 2.1.467 f.

28 WP 2.457.