[Three early Hittite documents are studied for evidence on the shift of man from its original temporal use (in which it was later replaced by mahhan) to its later conditional use (in which it replaced early takku). In these documents man is the only temporal conjunction; both takku and man are conditional conjunctions. (Arguments are offered for so classing a number of instances in the Bilingue which Sommer regards as temporal.) The shift of man from the temporal to the conditional sphere seems to have begun in future general conditions. A statistical summary of occurrences is found at the close of the paper.—A by-product of the investigation is the observation that in the Telepinus the present tense is used to indicate general and iterative action in past time.—N.B. In the transliteration of Hittite words (indicated by lower-case italics) s is written for the traditional š and h for the traditional ḫ.]

[Iguaria, recorded since the 14th century, is traced back to Late Latin iequāria ‘giblets’ and thus connected with the iecur family, reputedly extinct in Romance, where hēpar and *fīctum replaced the traditional Latin word for ‘liver’. In conjunction with the proposed etymology, new theories and data are presented on controversial points of Portuguese historical grammar, including the development of initial yod and of pretonic e, the transmission of the suffix -āriu and the stress shift. For a summary of the results, see §5.]

[A statement of a possible phonemic analysis of spoken Standard French, followed by a number of morphophonemic statements, serves as introduction to a concise analysis of the inflection of verbs, showing the essential unity and simplicity of the system. The so-called irregular verbs are treated in full by reduction to a number of general types.]

[Koasati has certain well-defined differences between the speech of men and of women. Other Muskogean languages, such as Muskogee and Hitchiti, also had such differences formerly, and here and there throughout the world one meets with similar instances. Sometimes the differences affect vocabulary items, sometimes the pronunciation of particular words.]