[In the Daiva Inscription of Xerxes, artā- is an instrumental coordinate with the preceding acc. Auramazdām; barazamanaiya is to be normalized brazmaniya on the evidence of the Elamite transcription, and is nom. sg. masc. ‘prayerful, reverent’ = Skt. brahmaṇyá-ḥ ‘religious’. The clause means ‘worship Ahuramazda and Arta reverent(ly)‘. Previous views are listed with a critique.]

The parts of the body in Semitic were dealt with in two important studies: F. Dietrich, Ueber die Gliedernamen im Semitischen, in his Abhandlungen für semitische Sprachforschung 101–258 (Leipzig, 1844); and H. Holma, Die Namen der Körperteile im Assyrisch-Babylonischen (Leipzig, 1911). Dietrich has a large collection of the names of the parts of the body in the Semitic languages known at the time; but his etymological explanations can be disregarded in view of the tendency, characteristic for that epoch, to explain the meaning of the words by two radicals of the root. Holma's book is a valuable collection, with sound etymological explanation. It would be desirable for Akkadian scholars to complete this collection systematically from the Akkadian texts discovered since 1911.

[The paper delimits the group of pure-relational suffixes by removing some morphemes that have hitherto generally been included in this group. An important morphological criterion of these suffixes, the oblique stem, is examined, and as a result of this examination pure-relational suffixes are divided into two classes: case suffixes and suffixed postpositions, the latter forming the transition from the case suffixes to the free postpositions.]

The IE origin of Chin. mi ‘honey’, ancient and archaic Chin. miět, first pointed out by E. Polivanov, is by now generally accepted. The question from which IE language the word was borrowed, however, is still unanswered. During the latter half of the first millennium B.C., the Chinese had contact not only with the Tokharians, but also with other IE peoples. In a letter to the present writer, dated August 29, 1938, E. Sapir wrote, ‘I suspect strongly that at least two distinct IE languages appeared in Chinese Turkestan and West China at a quite early date and that these two languages belonged to distinct branches of IE.‘ If the two words discussed in this paper are IE loan words in Chinese, as I believe they are, they might be of some help in clarifying the problem of the IE languages spoken in the western Chinese borderlands.

Typical examples of the forms found in our editions are ‘Aχαιοισι, ‘Aχcuoις, and θ∊σι, θ∊ς. We need not linger over the fact (cf. Wackernagel 53 n.) that forms ending in -αις are found: without variant at M 284, ∊ 119, in a noteworthy number of MSS at A 238, χ 471, and sporadically as a weakly attested variant elsewhere. That is of interest for the history of the transmission of the text, but not in any other connection. In Homer we have to do only with three dialects, Aeolic, Ionic, and Attic; and as these forms are neither Aeolic nor Ionic they must be Attic. That the ending -αις is found in the earliest records of other dialects is irrelevant. It can lend no support to the suggestion (Hirt 335) that these Homeric forms may be old. On the contrary we can date the Attic intruders: forms in -αις are found in Attic inscriptions after 420 B.C. and cannot have got into the Homeric tradition much earlier. As a first step we must replace the Ionic forms they have ousted: άκς, θ∊ς, πaλáμς, πáσς.

The derivation of Portuguese iguaria from Late Latin iecuāria, proposed LANG. 20.108-30, receives support from the discovery, in an ancient Judaeo-Spanish Bible translation (Escorial MS I.j.4 of the early 14th century, fol. 22a, line 35), of the two variant forms yguaria and yegueria, i.e. yegüería. The text is as yet unpublished; I owe knowledge of the passage under study to the courtesy of Professor O. H. Hauptmann, who has specialized in this field. The sentence (Genesis 43:34) reads as follows: Et fizo leuar yguarias delante el a ellos, e cresçio la yegueria de Benjamin mas que la yegueria de todos al çinco tanto, et beuieron vino e çidra con el ‘And he sent messes unto them from before him; but Benjamin's mess was five times so much as any of theirs, and they drank wine and cider with him.‘

This study considers an established use of parecer ‘to seem’ not found in the grammars. The Spanish Academy's grammar cites only the construction parece que viene Juan ‘it seems that John is coming’. Bello treats parece ale-jar'se la tempestad ‘the storm seems to be moving off’, parecieron por un momento amansarse las olas ‘the waves seemed to grow gentle’, and los edificios parecían desplomarse ‘the buildings seemed to be collapsing’. Hanssen, in his Spanische

ORTHOGRAPHY. The orthography of Marshallese was devised by American Protestant missionaries in the middle of the last century. The Bible has been translated into Marshallese and written in what we refer to as the Bible spelling. If the Marshallese were good spellers, the Bible spelling would probably be as hallowed in practice as in theory. As it is, many valuable clues to phonemic facts in Marshallese have been derived from variant spellings. The linguist loveth a cheerful misspelled