[The logicians of the Vienna Circle have independently reached the conclusion of physicalism: any scientifically meaningful statement reports a movement in space and time. This confirms the conclusion of A. P. Weiss and other American workers: the universe of science is a physical universe. This conclusion implies that statements about ‘ideas’ are to be translated into statements about speech-forms.]

[The work of Renaissance scholars on language, especially in Italy, deserves more attention than it has usually received. Certain sixteenth-century writers (Tolomei, Castelvetro, Scaliger, and others) anticipated nineteenth-century developments: firstly, in regarding language as a social phenomenon; secondly, in recognizing change as an essential element of linguistic history; and thirdly, in a more scientific approach, particularly in regard to phonetic law.]

[Discussion of ta, takku, tamais, tan, tayukas, takiya, also (in connection with takiya) nakkus.]

The purpose of the present paper is not to advance yet another etymology for Greek Φοῖνιξ ‘Phoenician’, but rather to reduce the number of acceptable suggestions with the aid of new evidence from an independent quarter. Although the material to be considered is predominantly linguistic, archaeological sources will also be brought into discussion.

Verbs in the Hopi language are noteworthy for their very rich and expressive development of verbal aspects and voices. I shall say nothing in this paper of the nine voices (intransitive, transitive, reflexive, passive, semi-passive, resultative, extended passive, possessive, and cessative); and of the nine aspects (punctual, durative, segmentative, punctual-segmentative, inceptive, progressional, spatial, projective, and continuative) I shall deal with only two. It may be noted that there are no perfective and imperfective aspects; in fact Hopi does not in any way formalize as such the contrast between completion and in-completion of action. Its aspects formalize different varieties of the contrast between point-locus and extent-locus of phenomena, indifferently in time or space, or in both. Hopi also has three tenses: factual or present-past, future, and generalized or usitative. Hopi verbs belong to seven classes or conjugations having slightly different inflectional systems. Class 1, the largest and most creative class, contains a few categories not found in the other classes, among them the segmentative aspect.