Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-jr42d Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T17:49:17.641Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Ammonia-Driven Phase Transition in Bulk and Nanostructured Potassium Graphite KC24

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Arthur Lovell ,
Zeynep Kurban ,
Stephen M. Bennington ,
Gadipelli Srinivas ,
Neal T. Skipper ,
Ron I. Smith ,
Derek Jenkins ,
Christopher A. Howard  and
Laurent Chapon
Arthur Lovell
Affiliation:
arthur.lovell@stfc.ac.uk, STFC-RAL, ISIS, Didcot, United Kingdom
Zeynep Kurban
Affiliation:
zeynep.kurban@stfc.ac.uk, STFC-RAL, ISIS, Didcot, United Kingdom
Stephen M. Bennington
Affiliation:
stephen.bennington@stfc.ac.uk, STFC-RAL, ISIS, Didcot, United Kingdom
Gadipelli Srinivas
Affiliation:
g.srinivas@ucl.ac.uk, UCL, Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
Neal T. Skipper
Affiliation:
n.skipper@ucl.ac.uk, UCL, Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
Ron I. Smith
Affiliation:
ron.smith@stfc.ac.uk, STFC-RAL, ISIS, Didcot, United Kingdom
Derek Jenkins
Affiliation:
derek.jenkins@stfc.ac.uk, STFC-RAL, MNTC, Didcot, United Kingdom
Christopher A. Howard
Affiliation:
c.howard@ucl.ac.uk, UCL, Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
Laurent Chapon
Affiliation:
laurent.chapon@stfc.ac.uk, STFC-RAL, ISIS, Didcot, United Kingdom
Get access

Abstract

We report the synthesis of nanostructured stage-2 potassium graphite, KC24, by intercalation of turbostratic graphite nanofibers produced from an electrospun polymer, and compare its properties with exfoliated graphite-based KC24. The nanostructured KC24 sample has low crystalline order and slightly increased interlayer spacing of 8.76 Å, compared with 8.65 Å in the bulk sample, indicating minimal registration of the graphite planes. Time-resolved time-of-flight neutron diffraction on both nanostructured and bulk KC24 under ammoniation is suggestive of a more homogeneous and faster pressure-modulated phase transition to the ternary ammoniated potassium-graphite in the nanostructured material. Following ammoniation, negligible hydrogen uptake is observed at 50 K.

Keywords

phase transformationintercalationnanostructure
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 1216: Symposium W – Hydrogen Storage Materials , 2009 , 1216-W02-04
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Schlapbach, L. and Zuettel, A. Nature 414 23–31 (2001).Google Scholar
2. Dresselhaus, M. S. and Dresselhaus, G. Adv. Phys. 51 1–186 (2002).Google Scholar
3. Solin, S. A. and Zabel, H. Adv. Phys. 37 87–254 (1988).Google Scholar
4. Enoki, T. Suzuki, M. and Endo, M. Graphite Intercalation Compounds and Applications, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2003.Google Scholar
5. Gilbert, E. P. Reynolds, P. A. White, J. W. J. Chem. Soc., Farad. Trans. 94 1861 (1998).Google Scholar
6. Hérinckz, C., Perret, R. and Ruland, W. Carbon 10 711–722 (1972).Google Scholar
7. Kwizera, P. Dresselhaus, M. S. and Dresselhaus, G. Carbon 21 121–129 (1983).Google Scholar
8. Rüdorff, W. and Schulze, E. Angew. Chem., 66 305 (1954).Google Scholar
9. York, B. R. and Solin, S. A. Phys. Rev. B 31 8206–8220 (1985).Google Scholar
10. Deng, W. Xu, X. Goddard, W. A. Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 166103 (2004).Google Scholar
11. Lovell, A. S Bennington, M. Skipper, N. T. Gejke, C. Thompson, H. Adams, M. A. Physica B 385-386 163–165 (2006).Google Scholar
12. Lovell, A. PhD Thesis, UCL (London) 2007.Google Scholar
13. Akuzawa, N. Suzuki, S. Terai, T. and Takahashi, Y. Synth. Met. 34 701–706 (1989).Google Scholar
14. Lovell, A. Fernandez-Alonso, F., Skipper, N.T. Refson, K. Bennington, S.M. and Parker, S.F. Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 126101/1-4 (2008).Google Scholar
15. Walters, J. K. Skipper, N. T. and Soper, A. K. Chem. Phys. Lett., 300 444–450 (1999).Google Scholar
16. Lovell, A. Kurban, Z. Bennington, S. M. et al. , in preparation for publicationGoogle Scholar
17. Chronakis, I. S. J. Mat. Processing Tech. 167 283–293 (2005).Google Scholar
18. Fennessey, S. F. Farris, R. J. Polymer, 45 4217–4225 (2004).Google Scholar
19. Gu, S. Y. Ren, J. Wu, Q. L. Synth. Met. 155 157–161 (2005).Google Scholar
20. Kim, C. Kim, YJ., Kim, YA, Solid State Comm. 132 567–571 (2004).Google Scholar
21. Kurban, Z., Lovell, A. Bennington, S. M. et al. , submitted to European Polymer Journal.Google Scholar
22. Radaelli, P. http://www.isis.stfc.ac.uk/instruments/osiris/data-analysis/ariel-manual9033.pdfGoogle Scholar